48 Experhnetits on IJoofz. 



places, which indicated a compound too heterogeneous for 

 good iiteel. 



3th cake. This was materially di-ffcrcnt in appearance 

 from any of the former. It h?.d received but little luuu- 

 mcrinsr, vet was smooth, and free from depressicMis, or 

 honev'comb on both surfaces. The feeder, instead of being 

 an excrescence, presentetl a deep concave beautifully cry- 

 stallized* 



In brcarcinc, the fracture tore out considerably, but pre- 

 sented a verv irresxalar quality of grain. That towards the 

 under surface was small and uniform, but towards the fiat 

 or upper surface it increased in size, and in the blueires.s o.t 

 its colour, till it passed into the state of malleable iron. 



The break of this steel, though apparently soft, was the 

 least homogeneous of the whole, and throughout it presented 

 3 verv brilliant arrangement of crystal, which in other steel 

 is always viewed with suspicion. 



General Remark. 

 Uniformlv the grain and density of the waotz are homo- 

 <»cneous, and free from malleable iron towards tlie under 

 or round surface j but always the reverse towards the feeder 

 ot upper side. 



Remarks in Forging. 



No. I. Oiie-half of the cake was heated r-^lowly, by an 

 annealiuor heat, to a deep red, and put under a sharp broad- 

 niouthed'chisel with a small degree of taper. It cut with 

 dlftrcuUy, was reheated, and cracked a little towards one 

 end of the shtor cut originally in the cake. 



The heat in this trial was so moderate that \ was afraid 

 that the crack had arisen from a want of tenacity , occasioned 

 bv the heat being too low. 



The other half was heated a few shades higher, and sui>- 

 jcetcd to the same mode of cutting : before the chisel had 

 half way reached the bottom, the piece parted in two in tlw:; 

 direction of thl- depression made by the cutting instrument. 

 The. additional heat iu this, inst<ince proved an injury, while 

 the cracking of the steel in both eases, particularly tlu- 

 iormer, was a certain proof of the ubiindance, or rather of 

 the excess of the steely principle. 



The fractures of both half cakes, now obtained for a se- 

 cond timc,^ were, materially different from that obtained by 

 the simple division of the cake. The grain was nearly uni- 

 form, distinctly marked, but of too gray a colour for ser- 

 viceable steel. Two of the quarters being diMwu into nc:U 



bars 



