On feeding Callle with green Food. 213 



much more productive than any sown after any other crop 

 or fallow. I am speaking of dry sown land- 

 One year I got up all the turnips of a field, topped and 

 butted them (throwing the tops and butts in heaps by them- 

 selves), carried the tope immediately as they were cut to a 

 bare stubble for my cattle and sheep, and laid the butts up 

 in large heaps either under cover or in my stack-yard, wiih 

 straw over them. Where there was no straw in layers be- 

 tween them, they kept for two or three months ; some that 

 had layers of straw every foot or half yard perpendicular, 

 soon began to decay near the straw, winch was made to 

 heat by the moisture from the turnips. 



From these experiments upon turnips, and from observ- 

 ing that drv land of my own, though it produced crops of 

 grain or turnips for many years together, with the change 

 of clover (mown twice in the same year) only once in five 

 years, did not lose any of its power, I have conceived that 

 much more grain might be produced upon well cultivated 

 farms. Wet land that is well cultivated might bear, in 

 regular succession, crops of turnips, wheat, and barley or 

 oats. Dry sound land may also bear the same succession 

 when an early crop of turnips is wanted ; and when turnips 

 are wanted to stand the winter, a succession of turnips, 

 barley, and wheat. 



I think it is much more advantageous to carry all the 

 turnips to cattle in stalls (except a very few left for sheep) 

 than to eat them on the land, because they furnish much 

 more food and manure. I am aware that many gentlemen 

 of landed property will object to this constant tillage : in 

 answer to which I shall only observe, that it has been my 

 opmion and practice never to have anv grass land that is 

 not worth 40s. an acre ; never to plough my grass land, 

 but to till the rest constantly, with the intermission now and 

 then of turnips and clover, the latter only for one year. 



The farm I have above alluded to is about 240 acres, of 

 which I have in grass land about 90 acres ; in tillage for 

 grain and turnips about 120 acres. The rest is generally 

 clover, unless I have a single fallow for wheat upon a field 

 of wet land. 



I repeat it once more, that the interests of the public, of 

 the landlord, and tenant, (for I know of no distinction when 

 many years are taken into consideration) are united in the 

 greatest produce of the necessaries of life ; and that if arable 

 land is kept clean and full of manure, it receives no injury 

 iron) producing the greatest quantity of grain. The in- 

 O 4 creased 



