52 PIOTORIAL PRACTICAL ROSE GROWING. 
(Note that only the head of the tree is shown; the stem of the 
Brier is omitted to economise space). a is the stem, and ¢ is 
the young Rose growing from the bud; 6 is the remainder of the 
Brier shoot on to which the Rose was budded the previous 
summer; it is common to shorten this to a few inches in 
spring, the stump being left to tie the young Rose to as it 
develops until it is strong enough to stand alone; afterwards 
the stump is cut quite away. — 
If the young Rose, c,.were left to itself, it would extend 
freely, and very likely show a bud. Premature flowering is 
not desirable, consequently the shoot is stopped at the fourth 
large leaf. If the side shoots (f) which push as a result of this 
stopping are again stopped at the fourth leaf, more growths 
push (g) and a good head is quickly formed; in fact, this is 
about the quickest way of forming a good standard. The 
following spring’s pruning removes the shoots (q) and shortens 
the shoots (f) to two buds each. Eight or nine splendid flower- 
ing shoots follow. The result of this spring pruning leaves 
the head as shown at C. It looks bald and bare, but it will 
soon be full and green. 
The same point as to hard pruning to get fine blooms holds 
good with the standards as with the dwarfs. D EF and F 
show a set of heads which are hard pruned on the big-blooms 
principle. By pruning the head, H#, to two buds (0), and 
rubbing out one of the buds on each shoot (n) the energies of 
the tree are concentrated on a very limited amount of growth, 
and a few very fine blooms are produced. The following year 
(F) the pruning is to two buds (q) and both are allowed to 
push shoots. G differs from E in that all the buds are left, 
instead of some being picked out (#, n). As a result, G has 
more wood than EF, and develops more rapidly, but does not 
give quite such fine flowers. H is a natural development of @. — 
It shows the limit to which the grower with a desire for a good 
head and a fair proportion of good flowers may go. It is per- 
fectly safe as it is—safe to ripen its wood and give good 
blooms; but as the years pass it will have a tendency to 
become crowded, and must be thinned to ensure thorough 
ripening and prevent overcrowding. 
Pruning Climbers.—Maréchal Niel. 
Tf dwarf Roses are not grown less than they used to be, 
climbers are certainly grown more. The introduction of 
Crimson Rambler had a very remarkable effect. It not only 
added to our gardens an exceedingly beautiful, distinct, and 
valuable Rose, but it led to increased attention being given to 
all classes of “climbing” Roses. 
Climbers have grown in favour, and will continue to grow. 
In every establishment there will be a climbing Rose some- 
