62 PIOTORIAL PRACTICAL ROSE @ROWING. 
bloomed to remove them in order to make way for successional 
shoots which have broken up from the base. It is Rasp- 
berry pruning all over again. 
Roses with short, twiggy shoots, whatever their section, are 
unsuitable for culture as pegged-down Roses. On the other 
hand, almost any class of Rose that has long, strong shoots 
may be pressed into service. The observant grower can fre- 
quently pick suitable plants for the eS whether Hybrid 
Perpetuals, Teas, or Noisettes, from his own beds. 
Pegging down has the effect hinted at in advising the bend- 
ing over of the strong shoots of pillar Roses, and also in bend- 
ing down the rods of Grape Vines, namely ensuring a good 
(References to Fig. 27, page 63.) 
A, short or spur pruning : a, shoot shortened to three buds, not counting tha 
basal bud, or the small ones at the side of the shoot where it issues from 
the previous year’s wood ; 4, basal bud—there is usually a corresponding 
one opposite. 
B, intermediate pruning, the shoot being almost twice as long as in short 
pruning: ¢, point of shortening to 8 inches; d, point of shortening to 10 
inches; e, basal bud. 
C, long pruning, the shoot left as long as there is space for developing side 
or bloom growths. All the thoroughly ripened wood is retained, only the 
immature portion being cut off : f, point of shortening, the part left for 
blooming being in this instance 15 inches, or nearly twice as long as in 
intermediate pruning, and five times longer than in the short pruning ; 
g, point of shortening to basal buds. 
D, a branch spur pruned : /, points of shortening the stem, the numerals signi- 
fying the age of the wood in years; i, terminal growth, very weak, to be cut 
off at the cross line; 7, uppermost side growth which has flowered and 
pushed a continuation shoot. This, shortened toa bud on firm, ripe wood 
and the flowered growths cut off close (both indicated by cross bars) is 
suitable for training as a continuation of the stem, as indicated by the 
dotted line; 2, vigorous side growths from one year old wood wkich 
flowered well at both the first and second blooming—the bars indicate 
the points of pruning. The uppermost left hand branch in this connection 
has made a strong second growth shoot, which may be pruned as indi- 
cated by the dotted cross lines, and trained in as a leader where growths 
are desired ; 7, stunted, weak growth, simply a flower shoot cut off close to 
the stem; m, a vigorous shoot which started in consequence of the first 
flowered growth having been cut off to within a bud of the stem—the 
pruning is indicated by the cross lines; ”, two years old spurs, the 
shoots of which have bloomed well—the bars indicate the points of 
pruning; 0, three years old spur properly pruned. 
E, bush of Gloire de Dijon on the long-branch, once-flowered system of 
pruning: p, one year old, long, vigorous shoots with merely their 
immature points shortened back to thoroughly ripened wood; 9, two years 
old branches that have produced an abundance of fine blooms, and are 
cut clean out at the following winter pruning. 
F, tree of Gloire de Dijon on the long-pruning and flowered-branch-cut-out 
system: 7, point of first shortening a strong, well matured shoot ; s, point 
of shortening a vigorous growth which was taken forward in the previous 
