70 PIOTORIAL PRAOTICAL ROSE GROWING. 
on side shoots from the main canes, but on short basal growths. 
At the same time he will notice strong young shoots springing 
up from the rootstock, and others from the lower part of the 
older canes. 
Now, to leave the plants unpruned altogether would be to 
get a tangle of growths, some old and exhausted from flower- 
ing, others weak from overcrowding. By a judicious removal 
of old flowered wood, and training up of new canes to become 
plump and well ripened by exposure to sun and air, this 
tangle is avoided, and a succession of vigorous, healthy, flori- 
ferous wood is maintained. 
The knife may further be advantageously used to shorten 
strong flowering canes which are not fully ripened their entire 
length. Such canes need not be cut hard, but the soft upper 
portion may be removed. : 
As regards the side branches which have flowered and sub- 
sequently borne clusters of heps, they may be shortened to a 
couple of buds. 
Planting and Pruning Rose Hedges. 
The Penzance Briers may be used for forming hedges, but 
the common Sweet Brier is more commonly used for this pur- 
pose. It is, of course, much cheaper than the Penzance Briers, 
and if less beautiful in blossom is not inferior in fragrance. 
Briers make splendid division hedges from 4 to 6 feet high 
for gardens. For lower hedges the Scotch Rose, Rosa spino- 
sissima, may be used. 
Young Briers should be shortened and planted 1 foot apart 
in a trench, unless the ground is very heavy and wet. In this 
case the land should be drained, and hole planting resorted to. 
If the leading shoots are shortened, and the coarse side shoots 
trimmed in, a symmetrical hedge is easily secured. 
Pruning Banksian Roses. 
The Banksian Roses are little pruned. Hard cutting means 
wood, but not bloom. What is required is a good supply of 
long, strong, well ripened shoots, therefore systematic cutting 
(Continued on page 74.) 
(Leferences to Fig 32, page 71.) 
PICTORIAL PRACTICE.—PLAIN HINTS IN FEW WORDS. 
FIG. 32.—PRUNING PENZANCE BRIERS. 
A. two years old plant of Penzance Brier Anne of Geierstein: a, one year 
old growths ; 4, two years old wood, this being the growth which the 
plant had when planted, and which was not pruned the first season: 
c, side branches ; d, shoots on side branches spurred or shortened to two 
buds ; e, central branch, to be cut out at the cross bar near J because 
the shoots above are lank and likely to interfere with the symmetry of 
