136 INDIAN CORN CULTURE. 
the egg to the perfect insect where winter does 
not interfere.* 
When winter comes the insects seek shelter 
under sticks, stones, leaves and rubbish of all 
sorts. 
This is one of the most destructive insects, 
especially as applied to wheat and oats, and 
also, though in a lesser degree, to corn. Mr. L. 
FIG 50 —YOUNG OF CHINCH BUG; α and ὃ, eggs: c, young: δι larva after first 
moult; 7, larva after second moult; g, pupa; ἂς leg of pupa: i, beak. (After 
Riley.) 
0, Howard, now United States Entomologist, 
in 1887 estimated the losses from chinch bugs 
in nine States to be $60,000,000. Walsh, in 
1864, estimated the loss in [linois for that year 
caused by this bug to be $73,000,000, while 
Shimer claimed that during the same year 
three-fourths of the wheat and one-half of the 
corn of the Mississippi valley was destroyed by 
it, involving a loss of $100,000,000.+ 
* Abstracted from an article on the chinch bug in the 
second report of the New York State Entomologist for 1885. 
tSecond report New York State Entomologist, 1885, p. 
156, 
