162 INDIAN CORN CULTURE. 
ton seed. Those foods which contain a large 
per cent of carbohydrates and fat are usually 
termed carbonaceous. 
Nutritive ratio.—Foods contain these three 
groups in different proportions. What we know 
as a rich feeding stuff, as oil-meal, for example, 
contains a much larger percentage of protein 
than is possessed by the average food. An an- 
imal cannot eat so much of it as where it is 
specially abundant in carbohydrates, and not 
in protein. The relationship existing between 
the protein on one side and the carbohydrates 
and fat on the other, is termed the nutritive 
ratio, Meaning one part protein to so many 
of the other two combined. Where the ratio 
of a food is 1:2 it may be termed a narrow nu- | 
tritive ratio, while if it is 1:12itis a wide one. 
A food having a ratio of 1:6 would be well bal- 
anced, perhaps, but if it was an extreme on 
either side of this 10 might be ill balanced. 
Feeding standards.—Many feeding experi- 
ments, made both in Europe and the United 
States, have shown that animals require prac- 
tically certain amounts of each one of these 
classes of foods to maintain the body or to pro- 
duce growth. Wolff, a German, after much 
experimentation, published a table of feeding 
standards. This table gives the number of 
pounds of dry matter (food without moisture), 
protein, carbohydrates, and fat required by the 
