SILOS AND SILAGE. 199 
Square silo.—In building the square or rec- 
tangular silo the sills may be of 2x10 plank, in 
two layers, halved and spiked at the corners. 
The 2x10 studs are toe-nailed to the sills, 18 
inches apart, center to center. If the silo is to 
he more than 20 feet deep then 2x12 sills and 
studs would be better, on account of increased 
side pressure. ‘The base of each stud may be 
cut on the outside to block against a 2x4 piece 
spiked along the outer line of sill to keep base 
of studs from being forced outward. The studs 
at the top are fastened with a strong plate, to 
which they are spiked. 
Cost of silo.—The cost of a silo depends upon 
many conditions, and no estimates can be given 
that will apply to all localities, there being such 
a difference in cost of materials, labor, etc. A 
cheaply constructed silo, however, 1s an expen- 
sive one in the long run. It will pay much 
better to build carefully and well, having the 
construction strong, tight, and free of a:r-holes 
at sides and bottom. Most of the condemna- 
tion of the silo has resulted from trials where 
the construction has been poor and the con- 
tents badly preserved. Prof. King gives in Bul- 
letin 28 of the Wisconsin station estimates on 
the cost of a well-constructed round silo of 180 
tons capacity as $544.44, or $1.91 per ton. Nu- 
merous estimates have been published by dif- 
ferent persons where the cost is much less than 
