63 



the sirup than the standard copper coil heating armngement ordinarily 

 used in vacuum pans. 



The use of exhaust steam. — Sugar-mill engines are generally of the 

 high-pressure type and the exhaust steam is used for all heating purposes 



Pio. 15. — Body of vacuum pan showing the express system of evaporatlou. 



in the factory, especially for the evaporation of the juice in the multiple 

 effects and the sirup in the vacuum pans. It is also used for stirring 

 and heating the Juice in the liming tanks, in the clarifiers or juice 

 heaters, for melting the second and other low grade sugars, and other 



