71 



The entire swarm should be killed by oue application if the latter 

 be properly distributed in the right place at the right time. 



Arsenate of soda and Paris green should not be used on any of the 

 cultivated crops, as the arsenate, being in a more or less soluble condition, 

 will be absorbed into the plant tissues, thereby causing their death. For 

 cultivated crops arsenate of lead can be used without danger from this 

 source, as the poison is merely in suspension and will not interfere 

 with the growth of the plants. 



In the case of arsenate of soda, 1 kilo to 100 liters of water will 

 usually prove of sufficient strength; for asenate of lead, 1 kilo to about 

 80 liters of water; and for Paris green, 1 kilo to about 300 liters of 

 water should be used. In preparing these compounds if a certain amount 

 of cane juice (in place of the water) or molasses is added, the poisoned 

 foliage will be much more readily eaten by the locusts. 



While under ordinary conditions, it is, perhaps, inadvisable to spray 

 standing cane, it may be possible with the modern improved nozzles to 

 treat cane during any stage of growth. 



Great care should be taken to prevent domestic animals from feeding 

 upon vegetation of any kind sprayed by any of the arsenical mixtures. 



The most popular method is driving the "hoppers" by means of beaters 

 working from behind and a line of galvanized-iron sheets along the 

 sides of the swarm; the driving method is the only one heretofore used 

 by the provincial planters. The insects driven from the field into a 

 deep trench may be easily killed and used as fertilizer. In South Africa 

 they are used extensively dried, as feed for poultry, pigs, and even mules. 



Mature cane is, of course, not entirely ruined by the attack of these 

 insects, but if the field be very young it may be quite destroyed during 

 one night by a passing swarm. 



Extensive loss from locusts in the Philippines need not be anticipated, 

 as at present the laws in vogue make the destruction of locusts compulsory 

 and place a heavy fine on any violation thereof. 



Cane-root beetle, or Buc-an (Holotrichia vidua Sharp. Melolon- 

 thidae). — This pest is probably present throughout the Archipelago, 

 but in nearly all cases is not sufficiently abundant to render strong 

 measures necessary for its treatment. The mature beetles fly in April 

 and May, at least in the Visayas. They are large, brown insects closely 

 resembling the May beetles of the United States; they fly only at night 

 or toward evening on cloudy afternoons. The large white grubs or 

 larvae may be noticed in plowing infested fields; and frequent plowing 

 is probably the best method of eradicating the pest, since the grubs are 

 eagerly sought after by crows and other birds, flocks of which are usually 

 seen about fields being plowed. The larvas feed upon the root and base 

 of the stalk which, of course, causes the plant to turn yellow and 



