8^ 



The existing small plantation mills consist essentially of three parts. 

 The first is the crushing plant which includes the three-roller mill with 

 stationary feed table. The accompanying illustration of the water-driven 

 mill at La Granja Modelo, with rollers 45.72 by 91.44 centimeters (18 

 by 36 inches) may be taken as a typical mill of the period in which 

 it was installed (1886). There are a few mills in the Islands having* 

 larger rollers, and most of them are driven by steam engines, but the 

 great majority are of a smaller size and correspondingly less efficient. 



These mills would be much more efficient both in capacity and the 

 quality of work done if provided with a crusher. This course we recom- 

 mend for mills large and strong enough to do a good class of work, 

 but is not to be recommended for mills having rollers less than 50 

 centimeters in diameter by 1 meter long. A still better form of mill 

 on which to make such improvements would be those having larger and 

 shorter rollers, such as 60 centimeters in diameter and 1.12 meters long. 

 The difference in the extraction of Juice from cane is shown by the 

 following estimates furnished by Fred Wilson & Co., sugar engineers, 

 Manila : 



The accompanying illustration (Plate XXXII) shows a three-roller 

 mill with crusher, intermediate gear and engine as placed on the market 

 by American manufacturers. It is an excellent type of mill for small 

 plantations, and is recommended where new mills are to be purchased. 



The planfation sugar mill engines in general use are of the small, 

 high-pressure, low-speed type with heavy flywheel and direct connected 

 through the intermediate gear to the mill. ' They are for the most part 

 of Scotch manufacture, are well built and quite serviceable for driving the 

 mills for which they were purchased. They would not furnish power to 

 operate additional sets of rollers or crushers and such equipment must 

 have separate power or a larger engine capable of driving the combination 

 must be purchased. The latter plan is to be recommended if ready sale 

 can be found for the small engine, or when it can be utilized for other 

 work about the mill, such as driving the cane carrier, centrifugals, 

 pumps and other minor machinery. The small engines on the larger 

 plantations will be ample for driving the smaller mills without crusher 

 combinations. The larger engines may continue in use for driving the 

 mills with which they were purchased, in which event a separate engine 

 could be provided for driving the crusher. 



