131 

 Central factory Sj/sioti. 



Received from the sale of — 



3, 987 piculs I ^f ggo at i^- 9^-* P«^«« P^'' P*^"l I ..___ 39, 527 

 252. 2 metric tons J (^156. 75 pesos per metric ton J 

 Cost of growing cane, as before 17, 940 



Profit 21,587 



Increase profit due to factory system 1, 487 



By changing to tlie modern system, the estate making nothing but 

 Xo. 1 sugar would still gain 0.25 pesos per picul (3.93 pesos per 

 metric ton) of sugar or 43 centavos per metric ton of cane now produced. 



One of the greatest disadvantages of tlie system of sugar making still 

 used in Negros is its entire dependence upon the quality of the cane 

 ground for producing a fairly good sugar. There is scarcely a planta- 

 tion on the island which does not, during the course of the year, turn 

 out a certain amount of low-grade sugar at practically no profit; espe- 

 cially is this the case with those located on new and very rich lands, where 

 the cane grows luxuriantly, but is of rather poorer quality. A large 

 factory, equipped with vacuum pans and centrifugals, is of course 

 able to produce an unvaryingly good quality of sugar from almost 

 any kind of cane, inferiority in the latter simply resulting in a dimin- 

 ished yield. 



To illustrate this difterence specifically, we can assume that the estate just 

 discussed, through some misfortune, manufactures its entire output of 6,000 piculs 

 as the lowest grade of current sugar. Of course, this would not occur in practice, 

 or the estate would soon go into bankruptcy, but the relative difference in profit 

 from this class of cane will be the same, whatever the percentage of it produced. 

 In Mill Control No. 2 (p. 118) 1 ton of current sugar was produced from 10.61 

 tons of cane, or, if the sugar is weighed at lloilo, from 10.89 tons of cane; there- 

 fore to produce 6,000 piculs (379.5 metric tons) of concrete sugar from this kind 

 of cane. 65,340 piculs (4,131.7 metric tons) of cane are required. A fairly good 

 modern mill working this cane would lose in bagasse 6.31 per cent juice and 0.87 

 per cent sucrose, and hence would extract in juice 11.66 — 0.87 = 10.79 per cent 

 sucrose on the weight of the cane. The purity of the juice could be expected to fall 



40 



to 75.9, making the empirical factor of availabilitv 1.4 ~. — = 87.3, and as the 



purity 



available 96° sugar in this cane might be considered as 9.42 per cent; 6,154 piculs 



(389.2 metric tons) of 96° sugar could be made from it. 



The profit and loss accounts would be as follows : 



Present system. 



Received from the sale of — Pesos. 



6,000 piculs 1 . ,, ,,, ^ (4 pesos per picul ) »< aaa 



olrr. c J.- ^ ^of "current' sugar, at ^_„'. ^ ^ .■ . > 24,000 



379.5 metric tons] (63.24 pesos per metric ton) 



Cost of production, as in previous account 24,900 



Loss 900 



