136 ROSES FOR ENGLISH GARDENS 



young plants will be very simple, as the object should 

 mainly be to secure well-developed and strong shoots 

 for another season, rather than to obtain as many 

 flowers as possible the first year. Therefore the 

 weak shoots should be cut clean out, and the re- 

 mainder shortened back to within two or three eyes. 

 Cool treatment should still be adopted until the young 

 shoots appear, when the heat may be slightly in- 

 creased, for it should always be borne in mind that 

 the more gradual the progress the plants make, the 

 better will be the ultimate results. For this a steady 

 but moderate warmth should, as far as practicable, be 

 always maintained. Great care must be given to 

 the admission of air, so that the atmosphere in the 

 house may be buoyant and yet without cold draughts. 

 For instance, in ordinary weather the top ventilators 

 should be slightly opened on the side of the house 

 opposite to that from which the wind may at the time 

 be blowing. In very cold or rough weather the ven- 

 tilators must either be kept closed altogether, or a 

 little air be cautiously admitted in the middle of the 

 day for an hour or so, as circumstances may direct. 

 Another very important point is watering. In the 

 early stages of growth the plants should be kept on 

 rather the dry side, but as the foliage develops the 

 supply of water should be gradually increased. When 

 the flower-buds appear, weak liquid manure may be 

 given at every alternate watering. 



Excellent liquid manures may be made by putting 

 half a bushel of either fresh horse droppings or cow 

 manure, or four pounds of soot, into a coarse bag, and 



