IOWA DISCOMYCETES 119 



' Graphium giganteum Sacc, Syll. Fung. 4: 611. 1886. 

 Holwaya ophioholiis Sacc, SyU. Fung. 8 : 64:6. 1889. 



Plants occurring singly or in cespitose clusters, stipitate; hy- 

 menium concave, becoming plane or convex about 1 cm. in 

 •diameter, dark-colored, brownish-black; asci clavate. 8-spored; 

 spores in a fascicle in the ascus, very long, more or less tapering 

 toward the end. many-septate, about 65 by 3 to -l/x. paraphyses 

 filiform, slender and enlarged at their apices. 



On partially decayed wood. Decorah. 



The only specimens of this species examined are those col- 

 lected by Mr. Holway in the northeast part of the state. The 

 plants are very distinct in the long filiform, many-septate spores. 



URXULA Fries. Summa Veg. Scand. 364. 1849. 



Cups stipitate, urn-shaped, at first closed, then opening by a 

 -circular or stellate aperture, externally dark colored, furfura- 

 •ceous or clothed with dark colored, minute hairs : asci cylindrical. 

 •8-spored; spores oblong-elliptical. 



One species is common in woods in the early spring. 



Urxula crateril'm (Schw.) Fries. Summa Veg. Scand. 364. 

 1849. 



Plate 39, f. ii. 



Peziza craterium Schw.. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1 : 117. 1822. 

 Cenangium craterium (Schw.) Fries. Elencli. Fung. 2: 21. 



1828. 



Dermea craterium Schw.. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 237. 

 1832. 



Geopyxis craterium (Schw.) Rehm. Rabenh. Krypt. Fl. 1^: 

 974. 1896. 



Cups large, long stipitate. subcespitose, dark b^o^vaish-black. 

 at first closed, hollow within, opening at the top by an irregular 

 rupture, leaving the margin notched, involute, clothed exter- 

 nally with minute black hairs; asci very long, cylindrical. 8- 

 •spored ; spores oblong, hyaline, granular within, 25 to 30 by lO/x ; 

 "paraphyses slender, septate. 



