in which the Clay greatly predoramates. 59 



nanting to lay them again in a specified number of years, 

 preparing the land by a complete highly pulverized iallow, 

 and sowing the hay and other seeds of the landlord's pro- 

 curing, the first week in August ; and after the first crop of 

 hay to dress the lands with twenty loads of good dung, or 

 compost, per acre, if the soil was of such a quality as not 

 absolutely to require dressing previous to sowing the hay- 

 i^eeds. A dressing before sowing, or after carrying the hay 

 the first year, is absolutely necessary. 



The additional rent must be regulated by the quality of 

 the land, from ten shillings per acre to fifteen and t\\ enty 

 shillings. If the land be naturally very sterile, and diincult 

 to till, as in the wilds of Sussex, and the tenant be obliged, 

 by paring, burning, and fallowing, to purchase his first crop 

 very dearly, no additional rent should be required, but he 

 should be tied to such a judicious mode of cropping as 

 would leave the lands in an improved state for the landlord. 

 See ihe Table at the end. If the land, after being drained 

 and marled, will produce a good crop of oats with one ef- 

 fectual ploughing, the tenant may pay an additional rent of 

 ten shillings per acre. Where the lands will produce a 

 good crop from one effectual ploughing, without the ex- 

 pense of draining and marling, the rent may be advanced 

 fifteen shillings per acre; and on lands naturally very good, 

 a landlord may expect an additional rent of twenty shillings 

 per acre of grass land he may allow to be converted into 

 arable. 



The depth at which grass lands should be at first ploughed 

 must depend on the nature of the soil. In my directions 

 for improving sterile clays, I have, I trast, proved the uti- 

 lity of moving such soils to a great depth. Similar obser- 

 vations will apply to all clayey loams, where the surface and 

 the substratum consist of the same component parts. rOn 

 deep rich loams of all denominations deep ploughing will 

 be advantageous ; but when there are oi-ilv four or five inches, 

 or less, of good earth, and the under stratum be a rubbly 

 chalk, gravel, or other unproductive soil, it should never be 

 brought to the surface ; and, being naturally pervious to 

 water, it will not require being moved below the action of 

 the plough. 



In my practice T have almost invariably mown the grass 

 the first year, and immediately dressed it well and fed it 

 the second. My success, in every instance, has been great, 

 and no inconvenience ever arose iiom this system. In some 

 few cases I liave seen much injuiy arise from feeding the 

 first s^v'nvi^ : the lands being in a high stutc of cultivation 



in 



