Machine for raljing Water. 15 



The ftream of this pipe is fo dircfted as to mn into the 

 bucket B, when the bucket is elevated; but fo foon as it 

 begins to defcend, the ftream flows over it, and goes to fup- 

 ply the wooden trough or well in whi.h the foot ot the forcing 

 pump C ftands, of three inches bore. 



D, is an iron cylinder attached to the i)ump rod, which 

 pafles through it. It is filled with lead, and weighs about 

 340 lbs. This is the power which works the pump, and 

 forces the water through 420 feet of inch pipe from the pump 

 up to the houfe. 



At E is fixed a cord which, when the bucket comes to 

 within four or five inches of its lowed projcAion, becomes 

 ftretched, and opens a valve in the bottom of it, through 

 which the water empties ilfelf. 



I beg leave to add, that an engine in a great degree fimilar 

 to this was ercftcd fonie years ago by the late James Spud- 

 ding, efq. for a lead mine near Kefwick, with the addition 

 of a fmaller bucket, which emptied itfclf into the larger near 

 the beginning of its defcent, without which addition it was 

 found that the beam only acquired a libralory motion, with- 

 out making a full and eflcftive, ftroke. 



To anfwer this purpofe in a more fimple way, I connruiled 

 the fmall engine in fuch manner as to finidi its flroke (fpcak- 

 ing of the bucket end) when the beam comes into an hori- 

 zontal pofition, or a little below it. By this means the lever 

 is virtually lengthened in its defcent in the proportion of the 

 radius to the coline, about thirty degrees, or as feven to fix 

 nearly, and confequently its power is incrcaftd in an e(|ual 

 proportion. 



It is evident that the opening of the valve might have 

 been efiedtcd, perhaps better, by a projefting pin at the 

 bottom ; but I chofe to give an exatt defcriptioniof the en- 

 gine as it (tands. It has now been fix months in ufe, and 

 completely anfwcrs the purpofe intended. 



Tlie only artifis employed, except the plumber, were a 

 countiy blackfaiilh and carpenter; and the whole coit, ex- 

 clufive ol the pump and pipes, did not amount to 5 1. 

 I am, Sir, your humble fervant, 

 Warwick Court, Holborn. \\^ SakJEANT. 



Mr. Charles J'ajlor^ 



In another letter, dated Whitehaven, April 2S, i8or, 

 Mr. Sarjeant further obierves, tliat the pump requnx-s about 

 cighieen gallons of water in the bucket to raife llie counter- 

 V tight, and aiake a frcflj flroke in the pump; that it niakes 



three 



