Cajl Steel from Bar Iron, 10^ 



Grains. 



Brought over 3630 

 covered by a thin layer of glafs was obtained, which 

 weighed - - ' - 3623 



Lofl in fufion 7 

 equal to — r— th part of the weight of the iron employed. 



This fteel was, in point of quality, fofler thnn any of the 

 former; and from this circumltance I inferred that the earths 

 fo far contributed to the fteelification of the iron by fufing 

 upon the furface of the metal, and preventing the efcape of 

 the carbon. It appeared alfo further adducible, tliat if the 

 iron was prefented with a fufficient dofe of carbon to make 

 allowance for wafte, Heel fliould be formed without the addi- 

 tion of any portion of earth. 



4th Experiment will juftify the lirft inference. Grains. 



Into a black lead crucible was introduced - 3710 



of the iron employed in former experiments. A tight 

 lid was fitted to the crucible, and the iron expofed \o 

 as high a heat as I judged the crucible capable of I'uf- 

 taining. This continued, from firft to laft, for 38 mi- 

 nutes, when the crucible was withdrawn. When 

 cold, I found that the iron had funk to the bottom, 

 forming an imperfeft ingot of ileel of a proper degres 

 ot faturation of carbon at the under part, but almoll * 



of the nature of malleable iron towards the upper fur- 

 face. It weighed - - - 3*^9^ 



Loft in fufion 18 

 equal to -T^rth part of the weisiht of the iron. 



'ilie latter inference was juftified in the courfe of fomc 

 hundreds of experiments with various carbonaceous fub- 

 tiances and iron, the ultimate refult of which proved that 

 excellent caft fteel could be formed in crucibles deftilute of 

 carbonaceous mixture by the tingle addition of carbon. 



XXI. Experiment made iv'tth a Galvanic Belt, or Chain, 

 by Mr. KiCHAKD Tked, Jeivellcr, hancajler Courly 

 Strand. 



To Mr. Tilloch. 



1' ^ ' ' Feb. 4, i8ot. 



HAVE not obferved, in any puljlication on galvanic 

 ^'lectricity, that material benclii iias btcn as yet atlaini'd by 

 Uiis new dil'covery, and therefore 1 Hull beg leave, through 

 6 the 



