and Dyeing Turley Red. ' z6^ 



fecond time in the ferruginous folution, and immerfing them 

 in the cauftic ley. Care, however, mufi; he ta!*en not to ufe 

 foda tor this operation, becaufe it generallv contains lulphur, 

 which blackens oxide of iron by minerahzino- it. 



The fkains coloured blue and ru(ty yellow, treated with oily" 

 alkaline folution of alumine, wili produce, by maddering, 

 dark purple and chamois colours, violet, lilac, puce, niordore, 

 &.C. it may be eafily conceived, that if, inftead of niaddering, 

 the hme Ikains prepared for maddering be dyed with kermes, 

 cochineal, and Brazil wood, lo2;wood, wood of St. Martha, 

 woad, yellow wood, quercitron, y^How berries, &c. a great 

 variety of colours will be obtained : the fliades may even be 

 varied ad inJhiUum by mixing the colourins: ingredients with 

 each other ni diH'erent proportions. The affinity of adhefion 

 of the colouring parts of all thefe ingredients varies alfo to 

 fuch a degree, that the (hades arifing from a vellow or olive- 

 green will be changed or totally metamorphofed by a fecond 

 dyeiiig with madder, kermes, cochineal, or Brazil wood ; and 

 will iurnifli orange (liades, capueine, carmeiite, burnt bread, 

 bronze, &:c. As the preliminary preparation of the fkains by 

 the oiiv alkaline folution of alumine might be too expenfive 

 tor fome of thefe colours, the procefs 1 del'cribed in the 

 ylnmtliS de Ch'un'ic for the year 1792, p. 250, may be fub-> 

 ftituted in its ftead. This procefs confids in treating the 

 ikains alternately with foap and fulphate of alumine, the 

 excefs of the acid of \a hich has been faturated with one of 

 the alkaline carbonates or with lime : this method is very 

 expeditious. In the courfe of a dav, cfpecially in fummer, 

 the Ikains may be prepared and dyed red as well as other 

 colours; which, for the moft part, may be fubjetted to ebul- 

 lition, and will bear clearing with bran for a quarter or 

 halt hfnir, and even fome of them for a whole hour. It i.<} 

 alio to be obferved that there are none but madder colours, 

 the alumine and oxide of iron bafes of which have been fixed 

 on the ItufTs bv means of the oily alkaline folution, that can 

 acfjuire perfec^t fixity by the aelion of heat of boiling water; 

 and that the lixity is very inferior in all madder colours tlie 

 earthy and ferruginous bafes of which have been applied to 

 ftiiffb by means of acid folvents. 



Alumine, fixed in abundance on cotton or linen flulT by 

 means of a highly concentrated alkaline folution, attra6ls 

 very caiily the colouring parts in the procefs of maddering. 

 Tiic cafe is not the fame when the fame earth is applied by 

 the moft highly concentrated acetic folution of alumine ; and 

 it is ablohitelv impofTiblc to finifh maddering at one tinie, 

 even when a profulion of madder is employed, and the opera- 

 tion 



