applicable io Sfcam Engines, &V. 45. 



tlve open air. In all cases where it is desirable to heat or 

 boil water, or other fluids and substances, without the di- 

 rect application of lire to the vessel or vessels containing 

 them, which in such cases become secondary boilers, the 

 use of my apparatus will produce efiects superior to any 

 obtainable by other means, — no more lieing necessary than 

 to make the vessel, or secondary boiler, containing the 

 water or other fluids, and the substances immersed ox dis- 

 solved in, or blended or mixed with the water or other 

 fluid, to communicate, by means of a tube or tubes, with 

 the prime boiler, constructed in the manner before described. 

 In such cases, as in making extracts of every kind for the 

 various purposes of arts and manufactures, and for the 

 simple boiling of water or watery fluids, the steam should 

 go directly into the vessel, or secondary boiler, whose con- 

 tents arc to be heated or boiled; and the orifice or orifices of 

 the pipe or pipes through which the steam is conveyed 

 should go to a considerable depth in the fluid, that the steam 

 may be the better able to give off its heat and be condensed 

 \)efore it can reach the surface : and in every such case, an 

 allowance should bs made for the increase which will be made 

 to the quantity of liquid in the vessel to be heated, by the 

 quantity of steam which will be condensed in the same bfe- 

 forc the process be ended. The vessels into v^hich the steam 

 is thrown may be either open or close, as the nature of cir- 

 cumstances may require : but where extracts are to be made 

 from veoetable or other matters from which extracts are or 

 mav be made, as from hops, bark, drugs and dye-stuffs, for 

 brew ing, tanning, dyeing and other processes, the materials 

 w ill be much more completely exhausted of all their valuable 

 parts ; and in many instances they will be completely dis- 

 solved by employing close vessels, which in th?t ca^e must be 

 made very strong, — a thing not difficult to be accomplished, 

 when it is recollected that they may be at a distance from, 

 and consequently out of the power of being deranged by, the 

 fire, and that they may be surrounded with, and as it were 

 buried in, massy stone or brick-work, in addition to other 

 and obvious means of securmg them. My apparatus so 

 employed becomes, in fact, an improved Papin's digester 

 on a large scale. I do not wish to be understood as claim- 

 ing the merit of having been the first who applied steam ia 

 the manner just described to boil water and other fluids, 

 but merely as pointing out an important use to which my 

 apparatus is applicable, and in which the effect obtained 

 will be much greater than by any other means. 



" Another nnportant use to which my invention can be 

 applied with better eflcct than the means now in use, is 



that 



