1C3 [ 175 ] 



bobbin, and consequcnlly stops it. Tho broken Uiread being repair- 

 ed, is ngain passed tbrougli the eye of tlie droij-wire, and supports it 

 above tbe frame; the opj)osite end of the l';\ime then becomes prepon- 

 derant; the tail, or stop, descends out of the way of the ratchet-wheel, 

 and the revolution of the receiving bo!)I)in immediately recommences. 



This apparatus is very simple and efficacious, but is liable to two in- 

 conveniences; first, that the thread usually breaks close to the pieces 

 of cloth by which it is compressed, and some trouble and loss of time 

 are occasioned in drawing t!ie thread out previous to tying it: second- 

 ly, that, when a sa)aller number of threads than four are trammed, the 

 vacant drop-wires must be removed, otherwise their unsupported 

 weight would, as aljove described, throw up the stop, and prevent the 

 revolution of the receiving bobbin. 



The contrivance by which Mr. Shcnton effects the operation of tram- 

 ming, and avoids the above-mentioned inconveniences, will be evident 

 by referring to plate IV, of which figure 1 is an end view, and figure 2 

 a bird's-eye view of his machine — the same letters of reference denotino- 

 the same parts in all the figures; a a,ihc axis which gives motion to the 

 receiving bobbinsy/j b}^ means of wooden rollers d d; they are made 

 of any required length to suit a continued series of succeeding bobbins, 

 with a roller under each; the wooden axis which carries the receiving 

 bobbin, has a leaden roller e fixed on it, which receives motion by mere 

 contact, on account of its weight. This axis is shown separate in 

 figure 3; pp are two pins fixed in the leaden roller e ; s, another pin, 

 or hook, which holds on the bobbin by hooking under the staple t, of 

 the bobbin figures 3 and 4. As the receiving bobbin revolves, it draws 

 the threads from two, three, or four bobbin ff g ff g, as previously de- . 

 termined; and in order to lessen the friction of these bobbins, which 

 are fitted on wooden pins u u u it, the pins are perforated, and ride 

 upon a wire v, and the bottom of these pins, and the loops which hold 

 the wires, are rounded; leaving just friction enough to keep the threads 

 extended. They are shown separate in figure 5. Now should any 

 one of these threads break, it is requisite that the receiving bobbin 

 should immediately stop; for this purpose, a crank-wire m, with a 

 ketch n, and a fixed crank o, is placed near each roller; on this, four 

 light drop-wires kkk k svv'ing freely, and they have eyes to hang on 

 Ihe threads, which are their only support: these wires are shown a 

 quarter their real size in figure 6. Now, should either of the threads 

 l)reak, the drop-wire which hung on it, would fall on the crank o, and 

 «;ause the wire m to revolve, and bring the catch n /orwards from its 

 position, figure 8, to lay hold of the pin/; of the roller e, as shown in 

 figure 7, and stop it immediately; then, as soon as the thread is mend- 

 ed, the thumb is laid on the tails lu of the drop-wires, to bring up the 

 fallen one; the thread is then put in the eye, and tlie catch is withdrawn 

 by turning back the end m of the crank wire, and the work goes on. 

 There are two spare notches x x to lay the bobbin in, while joining 

 ihe thread, that it may be out of geer, and move freely till set right by 

 Iiand. 



JNTow. the >silk thrcadt?. on leaving the bol)bins^^^^, pass separately 



