0« the Anatomy and Phjfiology of the Shari. 267 



filled with food derived from the moulh. In the p'atc will 

 be feen a liiiall palfnge or openina, 



E, through which the alimciuarv matter in the fac, C,, 

 pafTes into the Ilomach, to be ;il)iorbed afterward by the 

 ladtcals of the inleftines. 



F, the cefophagus, of nearly the fame fize with the fto- 

 niach. 



GG, the two lobes of the liver. 



H, the cloaca, or gut Itretching towards the anus, and 

 filled with the refufe matter of the alinientarv niafs. 



I, the external membrane connecting the egg with the 

 fifli, cut through and turned back. 



A fpecies of fliark, called caiulus major vr/Io-arls, is deli- 

 neated by Edwards, but appears to be difi'erent from this. 

 He has taken two views of the parent animal, and two more 

 of the young. From the figures there given, it would ieern 

 that the fame law of generation obtained as in this fpecies. 

 Ail the fpecies probably breed in the fame way. 



There is a great variety in the multiplicative procefs of 

 living beings. The female rana p'lpa, or Surinam frocr, nou- 

 riflies its young in certain cells or cavities in her back, and 

 not in the womb. The opojfiim of this country fupports her 

 young appendant to the teats within the paunch or fac, 

 called a falfe belly. The kangc>roo of New HolLnid has 

 fomewhat of a fnnilar ilrufture and ceconomv. More ex- 

 tenfive and penetrating inquiries fliow the exceptions to the 

 common mode of generation to be almolt indefcribablv cu- 

 rious and diverfified. We fee no end to the variety of ways 

 in which the perpetuation of the fpecies is carried on. Even 

 Spallanzani (5 Viaggi alle due Sicilie, &c. p. 46), thou<>"h 

 he went to the lake ot Orbitello on purpofe to examine the 

 anatomy of the large eels which live the/e, could difcover in 

 them no appearance of fex. 



When 1 pubfiOied my Inaugural Diflcrtation in 1785, 

 Circa novi Genituram Anlmalls, I was, decidedly in favour of 

 the hypothecs of pre-exiftent germs, and of the produdion 

 of animals by their gradual evolution.. All my numerous 

 experiments on generation appeared at that time to lead to 

 fuch a conclufion, though I have fince had a good, deal of 

 realon to doubt the foundnefs of the inference; and the ex- 

 periment now to be related, though it throws light on fume 

 j)art of the procefs, leaves the main <]ue(iion almoll as un- 

 fettled as ever. In ijHy I ordered a large fow to be killed, 

 immediately after having had intercouife with a male. On 

 examining the genital organs, the blood-vcflclsof the vagina, 

 uterus, falloi)i;ui tubes, and finibrite, were more than uiually 



uili ended, 



