86 Academy of the TJfeful Sciences, Erfurt, ^c. 



ACADEMY OF THE USEFUL SCIENCES, ERFTIRT. 



The queftion propofed laft year, which has not yet beer\ 

 anfwered, is again put by the Academy as 



A Prize Queft'ion : 



What iifeful application can be made in cheniiftry of the 

 temperature below zero of Reaumur's thermometer ; and 

 how far is it poUible, by artificial means, to lower the tem- 

 perature ? 



The prize for the beft anfwer is thirty ducats, and papery 

 will be received till the end of July 1803. 



FKENCH NATIONAL INSTITUTE. 

 Prize Quejiioiis. 



The Clafs of the Moral and Political Sciences has propofed 

 the following quellion as the fubjeft of a prize : 



To determine how the faculty of thinking ought to be de- 

 conipofcd, and what are its elementary faculties ? 



The prize will be a gold medal of the weight of five he£to- 

 grammcs (about 70I. fterling), and will be decreed in the 

 public fitting of Germinal, year iz of the republic. Papers 

 will be received only to the 15th of Nivofe the fame year. 



The Clafs of the Moral and Political Sciences propofed in 

 the year 9, as the fubjedl for a prize in geography, the fol- 

 lowing queftion : 



To compare the geographical knowledge of Ptolemy re- 

 fpecling the interior of Atrica with that which has been 

 tranfmitted to us by later geographers and hillorians, except 

 in regard to Egypt and the coafts of Barbary from Tunis to 

 Morocco ? 



As the papers tranfmitted to the clafs did not anfwer the 

 conditions, the clafs propofes the fame quellion as the fubje^l 

 of a prize for the year 11. 



The prize will be a gold medal of the fame value as the 

 former, and will be adjudged in the public fitting of Mefiidor, 

 year 12. The period for receiving papers the fame as above. 



In the fitting of Germinal 15, year 8, the Clafs of the 

 Mathematical and Phiiofuphical Sciences propofed as the 

 fubjcct of a prize the following queftion : 



To determine, by anatomical and chemical obfervations 

 and experiments, what are the phainomena of the torpor 

 which certain animals, fach as the marmot, dormoufe, 8cc. 

 experience during winter in regard to the circulation of the 

 blood, refpiraiion, and irritability; to determine what are the 

 r^ufes of this llcep, and why peculiar to thcfe animals. 



The 



