Improved Bucket for drawing JVater out of deep IFells. 271 



carried round with it, by the mortices of the inner plates 

 througli \\'hich they pass being stationary) are obUged to 

 change their distance from the axis by the spiral groove 

 sliding over them, while they are able to move nearer or 

 further from the axis by sliding in the radial mortices of 

 the inner end-plate. 



The handle vi being turned till the reel is of the size re- 

 quired, the hook k is withdrawn or pushed out, and the 

 crane is then ready for work. 



It is necessaiy to observe that the tenons h,h must be cut, 

 so that the outside of all the bars next the rope shall be at 

 an equal distance from the centre. If the tenon of the first 

 bar that is placed in the reel be cut like the tenons h,h, 

 fig. 4, the last of them must be cut the same as the tenons 

 11, 71 J fig. 4 ; and all the other tenons, at the extremities of 

 the several bars, must be at proper distances between these 

 extremes, as is shown by the dots P in the mortices fig. 2. 



The other parts of the crane may be so easily understood 

 from an inspection of the engraving, that any further de- 

 scription is unnecessary. 



XLIV. Description of an improved Bucket for drawing 

 JVater out of deep IVelh. By Mr. George Russel*. 



J. HE silver medal of the Society for the l^ncouragement of 

 Arts, &c., was voted to Mr. Butler for this invention, of 

 which a model is reserved in the society's repository for the 

 use of the public. The following is Mr. Butler's account 

 of the improvement : 



'' My well at Downe, in Kent, is about 360 feet deep, 

 and is worked by two buckets and a "horse-wheel, each 

 bucket holding little less than a barrel ; and are the same 

 sort of buckets, with the same mode of emptying, as at 

 Dorking, Dover, Hasted, and all the deep wells I have met 

 with. 



*' The great weight of iron on those buckets, to make 

 them sink immediately on descending to the water, being 

 observed, together with the heavy flat iron chain by which 

 they are hung to the rope ; and which, passing over a flatr 

 grooved wheel above, brings the face of the buckets properly 

 to the cistern-catch, suggested the following idea : 



" A valve of five inches diameter was put into the lower 



■' From the Tfansactions of the Society for the Encouragement of An:, 

 ItJamtfactures, and Gommcxce, vol. xii. 



. head 



