70 THE KANSAS PEACH. 



1839, and in this country in 1860. As an important injurious insect 

 in this country, attention was first drawn to it about 1872 by Mr. 

 Glover, a former entomologist of the department, and also by Mr. 

 ■Saunders, of Ottawa, the report of Mr. Glover being the first pub- 

 lished. On the Pacific slope record was made of injury by it to 

 various stone fruits by Mr. Coquillett, and later similar damage was 

 reported from Vancouver. We have also the results of the investiga- 

 tions by Mr. Ehrhorn in California, and the recently published ac- 

 count by Mr. Cordley relative to the insect as affecting peaches and 

 prunes in Oregon. That this twig-borer is very destructive to the 

 peach, plum, ai^ricot and almond in western Colorado is shown by 

 recent accounts, and damage from it has also been lately reported in 

 West Virginia. In addition to the more important published ac- 

 counts, injury from the twig-borer has been often recognized and re- 

 ported by various observers in recent years. The records of this 

 department show the presence of twig-borer in at least twelve states, 

 and give it a range which indicates it is practically as wide-spread in 

 this country as is the culture of its principal food jjlant. 



If not already cosmopolitan in distribution, the peach twig-borer is 

 rapidly becoming so, and will probably follow the peach and other 

 stone fruits wherever they are cultivated, especially as its peculiar 

 hibernating habit greatly facilitates its distribution with nursery 

 stock. 



LIFE-HISTORY AND HABITS. 



According to Mr. Ehrfiorn, they appear in the fall as very small 

 larvcv, living and working in the spongy bark, chiefly at the crotches 

 of the branches of the jjeach, and he surmises that they are from eggs 

 deposited in these situations. Here the larvae are supposed to grow 

 slowly until the new growth appears in the spring, when they leave 

 their cells in the bark and enter the new shoots. It is stated, also, 

 that frequently the larvte are nearly full-grown when they attack the 

 young growth. A later brood is said to attack the fruit near the stems. 

 The occurrence of the hirvse during the winter in the situations de- 

 scribed is also thought to explain the fact frequently noted that the 

 under and inside twigs, being the more accessible, suffer the most, 

 while the exterior and topmost branches escape. 



Later studies confirm, in the main, Mr. Ehrhorn's conclusions as 

 to the habits of the larvte. That the larvse make any essential growth 

 in the winter, however, is probably a wrong inference, as will be shown 

 later, and the nearly full-grown larvpe referred to were doubtless indi- 

 viduals that were wandering from one point to another, and had merely 

 reached nearly full growth before they were observed. 



Both in the orchards of California and by means of the abundant 



