84 THE KANSAS CHERRY. 



and eaters the ground to a depth of a few inches. Here it transforms 

 to the pupa stage, from which it changes to a mature insect in three 

 or four weeks. The beetle spends the winter under any rubbish or 

 under the rough bark of trees. 



Remedy : The universal practice is to catch the beetles by jarring. There are 

 several methods of doing this, the most ordinary of which is to spread a sheet or 

 pieces of canvas on the ground beneath the tree and strike the limbs with a padded 

 mallet. When disturbed the insects play "possum " and drop on the sheet, from 

 which they are readily collected and destroyed. 



A more improved method used in commercial orchards is a two-wheeled cart 

 upon which is built a light frame in the position of the ribs of an inverted um- 

 brella. Over this frame is spread a canvas, the center part of which is two or 

 more feet lower than the edge. The canvas has an opening at the center, below 

 which is fastened a zinc box about one foot in length, breadth, and depth. On 

 the front side of the canvas is an opening wide enough to accommodate the trunk 

 when the cart is pushed under the tree. A few jars with a padded mallet dis- 

 lodge the beetles and they drop on the canvas, from which they are swept into the 

 box below, after which they may be killed in whatever manner is most convenient. 

 The jarring should be begun as soon as the petals fall and be continued as long 

 as any insects are caught. It is best done in the morning while the insects are 

 quiet : later in the day they become active and fly away when disturbed. 



Spraying with poisons is also recommended, but with varying results, by dif- 

 ferent experimenters. Paris green, London purple, or green arsenoid, one pound, 

 with from three to five pounds of freshly slaked lime, in 250 gallons of water, 

 should be applied first when the leaf- buds are opening. The second application 

 should be given as soon as the petals fall, and a third about ten days later. The 

 poison may be combined with Bordeaux mixture at the rate of one pound to 250 

 gallons when the latter is used against the shot-hole fungus. 



CHERRY SLUG. (Erlocampa cerasi^edk.) 



The pear slug is exceedingly injurious to pear and cherry foliage, 

 fating the upper side and tissue of the leaves. The remaining parts 

 are practically destroyed and soon assume a brown and scorched ap- 

 pearance. The mature insect is a small saw-fly, which might be mis- 

 taken for an ordinary house-fly. 



Remedy : In the early part of the season, before the fruit is half 

 grown, green arsenoid, Paris green or London purple may be used, at 

 the rate of one pound to 160 to 200 gallons of water, adding three 

 pounds of lime. After this do not use the above poisons for fear of 

 injuring the fruit for food, but instead apply fresh hellebore, one 

 ounce to two gallons of water. Hellebore may be used any time dur- 

 ing the season, even when the fruit is ripening. Sj^raying must be 

 done often enough to hold the worms in check. 



