all Sorts of Hides and SMns. aj 



tion of I to looo; ihat is, one part of vitriolic acid to a 

 thoufand parts of gallic lixivium; or i pint to i2_5^illons. 

 During this immerfion, the hair is detached from l!).i hides 

 in fuch a manner, that )'ou may eafily know when they are 

 to be taken out of the vat, that is, wlicu the hair is quite 

 loofe. It is then to be fciaiped ofF with the round knife oii 

 the horfe orljeam. 



3. Haijiyig. — When raifing is neceflary, which is feldom 

 if evel- the cafe, immerfe the hides for ten or twelve liours ia 

 a vat filled with water, and a five hundredth part of its vo- 

 lume of mineral acid, of xXvt fan'je quality as the former^ and 

 the operation of raifing or fwelliiig is done. 



4. Wafti the hides repeatediy, and ufe the round knife ; 

 then they are fullv prepared for tanning. 



. J. Tanniitg. — The remaining part of the procefs oonfifts 

 in tanning, properly fo called : for which purpofe, fteep th« 

 hides for lome hours in a weak lixivium of only one or two 

 degrees; to obtain which you may take that which runs 

 from the fecond digefier, or fome that has been already iifed 

 for tanning. They are then to be put in a Itronger lixivium^ 

 where in a few days they will be brought to the fame degree 

 of faturation with the liquor in which they are immerfcd. 

 The ftrength of the liquor being then confitferably dinii- 

 nifhed^ it muft be renewed ; and when the hicks are com- 

 pletely Saturated, that is, fully tanned, which is known by 

 Cutting oft' a bit of the edge, remove the leather, and let it 

 dry flowly in a fliady place. 



Calf Skins, Goti't Skins, &^c. 



1. Flelh them with the knife-, ainl work them in running 

 water, like the others. 



2. Steep them in lime water, in which there fhould be 

 more lime than the water can difTolve at once. What is not 

 diflblved will fubfide to the bottom, but muft be mixed with 

 the water, by ftirriiig it feveral times a day. 



3. After two or three days, remove the flcins : when the 

 hair is f)und quite loofe, fcrape it off on the horfej waHi and 

 prefs the fkins well, until the water running from them is 

 ptrteSlly clear, and the lime totally extrailed. 



4. Steep them fcrft in a weak lixivium,, then tan thcni as 

 above ; but obfervc that the tanning lixivium inuft not be 

 near fo flrong as for the hides. ^ 



i-ime is U'led for thefe foft flcins inRead of the mixture of 

 gallic lixivium and vitriolic acid, for this rcafon, tliat the 

 acid aKvavB fwclls the leather more or lels, and becaufe the 

 liiwc way be wore cafily extra^.'vtcd frou; them, by walhino- 



B 4 ' and 



