Insect and Other Pests. I5I 
av ioe Cb ANDYOTHER PESTS: 
The insect and other animal enemies of the Car- 
nation are fairly numerous, but not at all in propor- 
tion to those which infest the Rose. Strenuous 
measures, must, however, be taken to suppress them, 
and if the cultivator keeps a close eye upon his plants 
for evidence of the first attack it will save him a 
deal of trouble afterwards. If they are neglected 
till the pest has become thoroughly established the 
latter will be more difficult to deal with, and the 
crippled plants will be less able to resist the 
maurauders and give but a poor return in blooms. 
Aphides 
Several species of aphides, or green fly, may at 
times be found upon Carnations under glass, though 
the most common and persistent is Rhopalosiphon 
Dianthi, both under glass and out of doors Under 
the latter conditions a glaucous variety, closely 
resembling the colour of the stems and leaves, is very 
prevalent in this country, so that the cultivator 
should be careful not to overlook it. 
REMEDIES.—The young colonies usually settle 
about the growing points and the flower 
buds, and if taken in time may be _ rubbed 
off between the finger and thumb, squeezing 
them at the same time. Fumigation may be 
accomplished at intervals amongst Carnations 
in greenhouses during winter on the first 
appearance of aphides, or even as a precaution pre- 
vious to the flowering stage of the plants. Tobacco 
or nicotine vapour in some form or other may be 
employed. Where tree and American Carnations 
are grown a mild form of treatment consists in 
laying tobacco stems in some quantity over the hot- 
water pipes and occasionally damping them down, 
thus causing gentle fumes to rise. Dusting the 
growing points with tobacco powder is also an 
efficient remedy. Tobacco extract, or nicotine, may 
also be evaporated in pans over the hot-water pipes. 
After the plants come into bloom the burning of 
tobacco in the house should cease, as it injures both 
the scent and the colour of the flowers. Nicotine 
