THE CARNATION MANUAL. 35 



together and in shape. But, if we have a few 

 thousand carnations in the flower garden, it is out 

 of the question to think of taking such measures, 

 and yet on the other hand, if we do nothing at all, 

 the result is that, after a heavy shower or moderate 

 wind, the flowers of these calyx-bursting varieties 

 are a shapeless mass of ragged petals. 



Those who raise new kinds must give this 

 matter consideration. Calyx bursting is only 

 peculiar to some kinds, but we must regard it as 

 a defect, and they must insist upon kinds whose 

 flowers open properly and keep their perfect form 

 while they last. There are such kinds already, and 

 it is easy to increase their numbers. 



Some varieties are very continuous in bloom, 

 like the " Countess of Paris," and these I hope will 

 be added to as time goes on. 



Over a very large area of the United Kingdom 

 Carnation-culture may be carried out with success. 

 I have always noticed it most successful near 

 the sea. The gentler warmth of the shore in 

 some way influences this. In any case the best 

 results I have seen from out-door culture have been 

 in places like Scarborough, Edinburgh, Anglesea, the 

 shores of Dublin Bay, and in sea-shore gardens 

 generally Avhere the soil is not against it. It is 

 simply wonderful what one may do in such places 

 as compared with what is possible, say, in the Weald 

 of Kent ! At Scarborough we may see Carnations 



