THE CARNATION MANUAL. 143 



required to produce seeds. These must be kept 

 under glass, else continued wet weather later may 

 rot the seed-pods. 



We grow a considerable number of them in 

 pots, and as many more in the open borders, and 

 we find that some make stronger, better growth in 

 well-prepared soil in the open garden than they do 

 in pots. I planted out several hundred plants in a 

 long border, well exposed to the north and east 

 winds, so late as the middle of November in 1891. 

 The weather was very favourable, and but few 

 losses occurred. They are making excellent 

 growth, and cannot fail to produce good flowers. 

 The system of cidture has been fully explained by 

 others, and the out-of-door culture of the Yellow 

 Carnation is the same as that required by other 

 varieties. November is too late for planting out. 

 This should be done as soon as the layers are 

 rooted — say early in October — and in our heavy 

 soil I find it is a good plan to use some compost of 

 a lighter nature — say a mixture of two parts of 

 loam, one of decayed manure, one of sifted leaf- 

 mould, and a little sand. I also pass the decayed 

 stable-manure through a sieve. This fine, rich, 

 open compost is placed in contact with the roots, 

 and they speedily become established in it. Those 

 intended for pot- culture are planted in small 

 flower-pots, and v/intered in cold frames ; but we 

 are careful to give plenty of air whenever weather 



