THE CARNATION MANUAL. 181 



These two fungoid diseases are those by which 

 the Carnation appears to be most frequently 

 affected. 



We come now to an entirely different form of 

 disease, caused by minute nematoid worms, which 

 produce the appearance in the ^^lant known as 

 " gout." The scientific name for the worm is 

 Tylenchus, and among gardeners they will be better 

 known as " eel worms." 



This disease was exhaustively described with 

 illustrations by Mr. Worthington G. Smith in the 

 Gardeners' Chronicle of Dec. 3rd, 1881, and by his 

 kind permission we give the following extracts from 

 his letter : — 



"The symptoms of this disease in Carnations 

 are manifested by large whitish or livid patches on 

 the leaves, chiefly at, or near, the collar or crown of 

 the plant. At times these patches are higher up 

 on the leaves (see illustration on opposite page). 



" The worms are, no doubt (as suggested by Mr. 

 Berkeley), derived from the soil. They appear to 

 attack the collar of the plant, and at this position 

 get inside ; here they lay their eggs, which, when 

 hatched, produce their worms, and these different 

 generations of nematoids eat their way upwards 

 inside the leaves, an.d their presence, of couise, 

 causes the dead and livid patches mentioned. 



"Burning the plants is generally recommended as 

 the only means for the extirpation of the nematoids, 



