10 CULTUEE OF THE SUGAE BEET. 



followed it no interest seems to have been manifested there on the sub- 

 ject. 



It was, however, otherwise in Germany. Achard's letter proves that 

 his zeal was in no way abated, and other workers were eagerly following 

 the new line of investigation and experiment now made so attractive 

 by Achard ; and Lampadius, professor of chemistry and metallurgy at 

 the School of Mines at Freyburg, took it up, repeated the experiments 

 of his eminent predecessor in the work, improved upon his methods, 

 from the average results of which he estimated the cost of refined sugar 

 would not exceed 18 cents per English pound, about the same limit es- 

 tablished by the commission of the Institute. Hermbstaedt also, mod- 

 ifying the method of Achard, succeeded in extracting from 125 pounds 

 of roots of Beta vulgaris 5£ pounds of brown sugar and 1£ pounds of 

 sirup, which drained off. The Baron de Koppy, having interest and 

 confidence in the methods and results of Achard, erected in 1805 upon 

 his estate at Krayn, near the town of Strehlen, in Lower Silesia, works 

 capable of the annual extraction of the sugar contained in about 525 

 tons of roots, besides the manufacture of the rum and vinegar resulting 

 from the utilization of the wastes of manufacture, viz, the pulp and 

 molasses. These works of Koppy were constructed after the designs 

 furnished by Achard, and carried on according to the methods he had 

 determined. Achard also erected a factory on his own estate at Cunern, 

 near Steinau, on the Oder. The results obtained by these two enter- 

 prising pioneers in the beet-sugar industry were followed by the estab- 

 lishment of other works at Athaldsleben and near Augsburg, and the 

 interest which had thus been aroused in Germany bid fair to be again 

 communicated to the French. This was hastened by a letter of Achard 

 to the editor of the Moniteur, and published in that journal of October 

 2, 1808. This so thoroughly explains his position, the character of his 

 work, and the progress he had made since the report upon his former 

 results, that we deem it of value to reproduce it here : 



Sir : The manufacture of sugar in Europe being, in all its relations, and principally 

 under existing circumstances, a very important object, I believe that you will not refuse 

 to give publicity, in the Moniteur, to an expostf of the results of my researches upon 

 the manufacture of sugar from the beet root, and the advantages which this new kind 

 of European industry assures to all nations for which sugar is an exotic staple. 



It was decided by the report given by the celebrated chemists, Cels, Chaptal, Four- 

 croy, Guy ton, Parmentier, Tessier, Vauquelin, and Deyeux, under date of January 

 25, 1800, to the class of mathematical and physical sciences of the National Institute 

 of France, upon the examination they made of my researches tending to the profit- 

 able extraction of sugar from beets — 



A. That the beet contains sugar. 



B. That the sugar may be extracted by different processes, and acquire by suffi- 

 cient purification all the properties of cane sugar. 



C. That even by following my first methods, which were still very imperfect at the 

 time the celebrated French chemists were occupied with their verification, it was to 

 be presumed that the price of beet-root sugar would not be higher than that of the 

 cane in ordinary times. 



D. That all doubts of the existence of sugar in the beet root and the possibility of 



