CULTURE OF THE SUGAR BEET. 



149 



Comparative table of feeding cattle with pulps from hydraulic presses and those of the diffu- 

 sion process on the farms of Simon Legrand. 



Number of animals 



Date of entry to stable 



Average weight on arrival, per head pounds.. 



Purchase price, per head dollars.. 



Net cost, per pound cents . . 



Food: 



Pulp (at $4.40 per long ton and slices at $2.50), per head 

 and per day pounds . 



Linseed cake (at $2.18 per hundredweight), per head and 

 per day pounds. 



Hay (at $0,637 per hundredweight), per head and per 

 day pounds. 



Cost of food, per head and per day dollars. 



Cost on leaving, per head do. .. 



Days in stable from arrival to departure 



Date of departure , 



Excreta, at 10 cents per head and per day dollars. . 



Average price of sale, per pound live weight cents. 



Average weight on leaving, per head pounds . 



Average value on leaving, per head dollars . 



.Result, per head, profit do... 



Pulps. 



Hydraulic presses. 



Oxen. Bulls, 



40 20 



March 15, 1878. 



1, 086 I 1, 018 



101. 35 69. 05 



9.3 6.8 



4.91 



3.3 



0.33 



136. 66 



107 



4.91 



3.3 



0.33 



104. 35 



107 



Julv 1, 1878. 



428 



9.8 



1,439 



150. 99 



14.33 



216 



9 



1,375 



123. 20 



18.84 



Diffusion. 



Oxen. Bulls 



40 20 



November 9, 1878. 



1,166 



104. 95 



9.0 



4.91 



3.3 



0.316 

 134.64 

 94 



1,122 



77.20 



6.8 



4.91 



3.3 



0.316 



106. 90 



94 



February 11, 1879. 



376 



10.5 



1, 468. 5 



149. 55 



14.91 



188 



9.25 



1, 879. 4 



125. 40 



18.50 



Among French farmers it is considered much better to feed the pulp 

 to sheep and cattle for production of meat than for milk. Horses will 

 not eat it. The daily rations of beet pulp given to sheep and cattle 

 vary, but the amounts generally considered most favorable are about 5 

 pounds per head for sheep and 50 pounds for cattle, in admixture with 

 hay, seed-cake, corn meal, or other food. The pulp is stored for preser- 

 vation in trenches or silos, and for this purpose it is mixed with about 

 one per cent, its weight of salt to prevent it from entering into putre- 

 factive fermentation. 



But the other residue of the factory, the molasses, has always been a 

 source of loss, and to such an extent that it may be considered the bane 

 of the manufacturer. To obviate this loss and to secure in the factory 

 the sugar that now finds utilization in the distillery has been the sub- 

 ject of close study and the basis of innumerable experiments, some of 

 which have given fruitful results; and in later days some of the methods 

 devised bid fair to find industrial application and to do exceedingly 

 economical work. 



It is scarcely necessary here to call attention to the method of Du- 

 brunfaut and others for separating the mineral impurities, which have 

 such a deleterious effect upon the crystallization of the sugar, by taking 

 advantage of the principle of osmosis, for this method has long been 

 known and has been applied with tolerable success in the factories of 

 the European continent. But we may call attention to a modification 

 in the application of the process, which appears to be an improvement, 

 and which is based upon increasing the colloidal properties of the cane- 

 sugar, thus preventing its passage through the dyalizing membrane, or 



