CULTURE OF THE SUGAR BEET. 



285 



portion of chlorides, and especially that of nitrates, shows, a marked increase in the 

 last twenty days of Octoher. From the 21st of September, 1879, the season became, 

 it is true, relatively dry for the year ; but rains were not really wanting, either in 

 number or in quantity. It therefore becomes a question of temperature. In fact, 

 while the average temperature is 60°. 4 and 61°.7 for the first two decades of Septem- 

 ber, 1879, it feU to 55°.5 for the third and 54°.3, 49°.l, 9°. 5, and 47°.43 for the three 

 decades of the month of October following. It therefore appears that the beet ceases 

 to grow usefully below 55°. 4. It still takes place, but its reduced assimilation scarcely 

 compensates for its proper consumption, and even though a new growth of leaves may 

 not intervene to reduce its content of sugar, the weight of salts it contains increases 

 to an extent injurious to the extraction of this product. In an average year this 

 temperature limit is attained at Paris the 19th of October ; the date is advanced or re- 

 tarded according to the years and tbe sections. We think there is no advantage in 

 leaving the beet in the ground longer than this, while there are very decided advan- 

 tages in advancing the sowing which must follow tbis culture. Wheat still grows in 

 the fall as long as the average temperature does not fall below 43°. 



The successive analyses of M. Pagnoul commenced the 11th of June, 1879. We find 

 in the following table a resume of these analyses made up from one given by this able 



chemist : 



Besults of analyses of beets, by M. Pagnoul. 



Tear 1879. 



June — 



11. 21 



July- 



11. 21. 31 



August — 



10. 20. 30, 



Bain in 10 days English inches 



Atmospheric heat degrees Fahrenheit 



Cloudiness at Arras 



Clearness at Paris 



Average weight — 



Of a root *grams 



Of its leaves do. 



Of sugar per hectare t kilograms 



Of salts do.. 



Of niter do.. 



Kelative weights for 1,000 of beets — 



Of the leaf 



Of sugar 



Increase of weight in 10 days — 



Of a root grams 



Of its leaf do. . 



Of sugar per hectare kilograms 



Of salts do.. 



Of niter do. . 



1.29 



600.8 



41 



393 



2 



1 

 



8,000 

 30 



1.45 



611.6 



30 



479 



7 

 41 

 9 

 4 

 2 



5,860 

 21 



0.71 



606.2 



31 



444 



31 



110 



96 



15 



3,550 

 52 



24 



2.20 



568.4 



16 



399 



105 



222 



339 



49 



23 



2,110 

 54 



74 

 112 

 243 

 34 

 15 



2. 28 1. 02 



617.0 604.4 



26 28 



320 378 



220 



333 



776 



92 



36 



1,510 

 59 



115 



111 



437 



43 



13 



346 



462 



1,422 



144 



49 



1,340 

 69 



126 

 129 

 646 

 52 

 13 



0.31 



642.2 



31 



416 



452 



1,848 



228 



79 



930 

 63 



140 

 —10 



426 

 84 

 30 



0.94 



647.6 



43 



361 



660 



433 



3,073 



275 



66 



650 



77 



180 



—19 



1,225 



47 



-13 



0.71 



638.6 



36 



373 



778 



335 



3,543 



315 



430 

 76 



112 



—98 



461 



40 



3 



Tear 1879. 



Bain in 10 days English inches. 



Atmospheric heat degreesTFahrenheit. 



Cloudiness at Arras 



Clearness at Paris 



Average weight — 



Of a root *grams . 



Of its leaves — do... 



Of sugar per hectare t kilograms . 



Of salts do... 



Of niter do . - . 



Belative weights for 1,000 of beets — 



Of the leaf 



Of sugar 



Increase of weight in 10 days — 



Of a root grams. 



Of its leaf do... 



Of sugar per hectare kilograms. 



Of salts do . - - 



Of niter do... 



September- 



October- 



19. 29. 



0. 15 1. 06 



606.2 617.0 



56 34 



385 326 



878 



312 



4,320 



366 



350 

 82 



100 

 —23 



786 

 51 

 17 



1,040 

 200 



4,655 

 494 

 111 



190 

 75 



162 



—112 



335 



120 

 25 



0.39 



555.8 



49 



251 



1,048 

 126 



4,691 

 461 

 107 



120 

 75 



—74 



36 



—53 



—4 



0.19 



555.2 



25 



334 



1,048 

 194 



5,068 



4C8 



92 



180 

 81 



377 



—28 

 —15 



19. 29 



0.71 



491.0 



12 



161 



1,056 



98 



4,727 



511 



146 



90 



75 



— 96 

 —341 



78 

 54 



0.90 



476.6 



26 



144 



1,050 

 128 



5,002 

 552 

 145 



120 

 79 



—6 

 30 



275 



41 







' 1 gram — 0.022 lbs. 



1 1 kilogram = 2.2 lbs. 



