THE 



PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE 



COMPREHENDING 



THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF SCIENCE, 



THE LIBERAL AND FINE ARTS, 



AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, 



AND 



COMMERCE. 



BY ALEXANDER TILLOCH, 



HONORARY MEMBER OF THE KOYAL IRISH ACADEMY, &C. &C. &C. 



" Ncc aranearuni sane textus ideo melior quia ex se fila gignunt, nee noster 

 viiior quia ex alicnis Ubjtnus ut apes." Just. Lips. Monit. I'clil. lib. i. cap. i. 



VOL. XXXI. 



For JL'A'E, JULY, AUGUST and SFa'TEMBER, 1308. 



LONDON: 



PRINTRD BY RICHARD TAYLOR AND CO., SHOE LANE: 



And Hold by Richardson; Cadell and Da vies ; I..ongman, Hurst, 



R'-Ks, .and Ohmf; Symonus; Vernor, Hood, and Sharpe; 



Harding; Higiii.ey ; London: Bf.i.i. and Bradfute, 



itdinburj^h : Brash & Rkiij, and D. Ni\ en, Glasgow; 



gnd GiLiiEKT and Hudces, Dublin. 





