lygr. literary intelligencer. 119 



The Porte not only prepared herfelf {or defence by every 

 means within her own power, but alfo, imitating the policy 

 of European ftates, fhe tried to weaken her enemies by ex- 

 citing a powerful diverlion from another quarter. The 

 king of Sweden, allured by the temptation of a high fubfidy 

 from ti^em, made that rapid irruption into RufTia Finlan*!, 

 above defcribsd ; and by cutting out employment for the 

 Ruffian . tieet in the Baltic, prevented the Emprefs from at- 

 tempting any naval expedition of confcquence into the Me- 

 diterranean, which, had it been permitted, would have dif-' 

 treffed the Turk more than any other mode of attack. For- 

 tunately for thsm, Ruffia had behaved to Britain with fuch 

 a haughty and infidious policy, when fhe had it in her power 

 to annoy it, as made that court look with a jealous eye on 

 any meafure that tended to aggrandize her ; fo that it is pro- 

 bable, had Sweden remained quiet, the Ruffian fleet, in 

 confequence of the coolnefs of Britain, and the prefent ftate 

 of the other maritime powers in Europe, would have found 

 it a difficult matter to do any thing effectual in tlie Medi- 

 terranean. And now even when Sweden has withdrawn, 

 there feems to be no reafon to expect that Ruffia will {till ex- 

 perience other checks to retard the progrefs of her arms by 

 fea, which will ultimately compel her to accede to terms of 

 pacification little fuited to the hope fhe entertained at the 

 commencement of hoftilitles. Nothing can be more fooiifli 

 than war in modern times : If fuccefs attends the exertions 

 of any potentate, new enemies fpring up in confequence of 

 every viftory, fo as to compel the mofl powerful to accept 

 of peace at laft, on terms little proportioned to the vigouf 

 of her exertions. 



For many centuries, the Turk Avas the terror of Chriflen- 

 dom : but thefe days are long paft ; and flie will now, it is 

 hoped, begin, from neceffity, to court the alliance of other 

 nations, and with that view will be obliged to think and to 

 adt in fuch a manner as to fscure their favour, liiiould 

 that happen, commercial freedom and fecurity nmd firrt be 

 granted to the fubjedls of thefe friendly powers ; and this 

 kind of fecurity will be gradually extended to the fubjedts 

 thtmfelves of the ftate. A police capable of difcovering 

 and punifhing the guilty, and of protecting the innocent, 

 will be found neceffary. The benefits tliat will by this 



