I792« philosophical geography. 291 



here, as well as to the north of the line, we find the 

 direction of the monsoons varying in different places, 

 according to particular circumstances. About the 

 island of Sumatra, and towards the west of Java, the 

 monsoons set in nearly from the north and south ; but 

 towards Celebes and Timur, they begin to tend a 

 little more to the east and Avest, gradually declining 

 as they approach the coast of New Guinea, near to 

 which the northerly monsoon, from October till 

 April, blows from N. W. and the opposite monsoon 

 from S. E. between October and April. The reader 

 will easily perceive that these monsoons are occasion- 

 ed by the continent of New Holland ; which being 

 heated by the sun when in the southern signs, draws 

 the wind towards it in the summer season, in the 

 same manner as the continent of Asia produces the 

 monsoons to the north of the line. The easterly de- 

 flection of this monsoon is plainly occasioned by the 

 near approach of the large island of New Guinea, 

 to the northern point of New Holland. 



In the Red Sea the monsoon fliifts as regularly as 

 in other places ; but being influenced by the coasts, 

 it tends a little more to the north and south than 

 in the Indian ocean. 



Irregularities in the monsoons on the eastern coast of 

 Africa. 

 On the coast of Africa, to the south cf Cape 

 Corientes, and about the southern parts of the island 

 of Madagascar, the regular trade- wind from the S. I\ 

 takes place betv/cen October and April ; but from 

 April till October, the wind blows from W. or N. 

 W. and is at that season exceedingly cold. 



