■326 philosophical geography, Feh. itjL 



To the same cause also must we attribute th« 

 thick, fogs so common upon the southern parts of 

 Chili, and along!,the coasts of Peru, with the other pe- 

 culiarities of that singular climate about Lima, and 

 the kingdom of Valles, in South America ; for the 

 vapours which are exhaled in such great abundance 

 in the warm regions on the sea fhore,. are, at a little 

 height above the earth, condensed by the cold wind* 

 which come from the mountains, and form these thick 

 mists which are so often observed in this climate. 



The same effects are felt in some degree on the si- 

 milar coasts of Africa. But as the mountains of 

 Africa are not so high as the Andes of America, nor 

 approach so near the western coast, the effects are 

 lefs sensible here than irt America. The greai 

 height of the Andes, above the mountains of the simi- 

 larly, situated country of Africa, is the only reason 

 why the effects on that coast are not felt to an equal 

 degree, although similar in kind^ 

 Winds in the bay of Panama and on the Guinea coast. 

 A more singular deviation of the trade-wind is ob^ 

 served to take place on the African and Americaa 

 coasts to the north of the line, than those we have 

 taken notice of to the south of it. For it is observed', 

 that from California to the bay of Panama, all along 

 the coast of New Spain, the winds blow almost 

 constantly from the W. or S. W. nearly directly oj?- 

 posite to the trade-wind ; and on the coast of Africa 

 from Gape Bayador to Cape Verde, they blow chief- 

 ly from the N. W. standing in upon the fhore ; from 

 thence the wind bends gradually more and moi»e- 

 from the north to the west, and so round to S. W. 



