106 



THE TRUE GRASSES. 



here. [H. schcenoides (Crypsis schcenoides Lam.) lias 

 been introduced into N. America, and become estab- 

 lished about Philadelphia.] 



116. (121) Maillea Pari. A dwarf 

 grass with short, false spikes and 

 much compressed, awnless spikelets. 

 Stamens two ; palea one-nerved. 



Species one (M. Urvillei Pari.), 

 upon the Cyclades, Sporades, and 

 also in Sardinia. 



117. (122) Phleum L. Inflores- 

 cence usually in cylindrical, ex- 

 serted, false spikes. Keel of the 

 empty glumes extending into a point 

 or short awn ; flowering glumes awn- 

 less. Stameus three ; palea two- 

 nerved. 



Species ten, in the temperate 

 zones (except in Australia). Ph. 

 pratense L., " Timothy" (Fig. 47), 

 has its empty glumes truncate, with 

 a long fringe upon the keel. Com- 

 mon in Europe. A very valuable 

 grass for hay in heavy soils. 



The section Chilochloa (Beauv. as 

 genus, Achnodon Link) has the 

 Germ. pi. io.) rachilla prolonged beyond the palea. 



Ph. Bcehmeri, of central Europe, also belongs here. 



118. (117) Echinopogon Beauv. (Hystericina Steud.). 

 False spike bristling with the long, straight awns of the 

 flowering glumes. Empty glumes awnless. 



Species one (E. ovatus P. B.), in Australia and New 

 Zealand. 



119. (107) Alopecurus L. False spike cylindrical or 

 ovate. Empty glumes awnless, usually fringed on the 

 keels ; flowering glume usually with a bent, dorsal awn ; 

 lodicules none, and palea often wanting. Flowers de- 

 cidedly proterogynous. 



Species twenty, in temperate Europe and Asia, a 

 few also in North and South America and Australia. 



Fig. 47. — Phleum pratense 

 L. B.r., Spikelet with ripe a 

 fruit. (After Nees, Gen 



