248 TAXACE^ 



(i) The Torreyas have two very distinct grooves 

 on the under-side of the leaf. The Cephalo- 

 taxi have not. 



(2) The Torreyas have two depressed narrow 



lines of stomata upon the lower surface of 

 the leaves, that do not occupy much more 

 space than the impression of a pointed 

 pencil across a piece of paper. The Cepha- 

 lotaxi have two broad lines of stomata. 



(3) The bud scales of the Torreyas stick out in 



pairs at right angles, and bud scale marks 

 are noticeable at the base of leaves. The 

 buds of the Cephalotaxi are composed of 

 overlapping scales (imbricated), and there 

 are no bud scars visible on the branch- 

 lets. 



(4) The colour of leaf of the Torreyas is a dark, 



lustrous, shining green, and gives the 

 impression of having been glazed or varn- 

 ished. The tip of the leaf of a Torreya 

 is long and spiny, while the tip of the 

 Cephalotaxus has a shorter pointed apex. 



(5) Another marked difference is the way in 



which the long bayonet-shaped leaves of 

 the Torreyas point forward towards the 

 end of the branchlet. 

 We have, then, called in to the assistance of identifi- 

 cation five points in particular : (i) the grooves, 

 (2) the thin rows of stomata, (3) the buds and bud 

 scars, (4) the glossy colour of leaves, and (5) their 

 forward pointing direction ; and to these we might 

 have added the colour of the branchlets, which on 

 new shoots are a bright green and on last year's 

 shoots a rich red. 



Wehave compared them side bysidewiththe Cephalo- 

 taxi, but the Abies Bracteata and the Keteleerias have 

 both been dragged into the maelstrom of similarities. 



