GLOSSARY 311 



growing on upper and lower side of branchlet, while 



the leaves growing on either side are termed lateral 



leaves. Vide Facial Leaves. 

 Downy. Covered with soft hairs. Synonyms : Pubescent, 



Tomentose, Villose, Cihate, q. vide. 

 Drupaceous (drupa = an over-ripe, wrinkled oUve). A 



fleshy and succulent fruit, containing a bony stone, e.g. 



the Prunus tree tribe, plum, cherry, etc. 

 ECHINATUS (echinus = hedgehog). Armed with sharp spines 



like hedgehog. Note Pinus Echinata. 

 Elliptic (Gk. elleipein = to fall short). An oval, and 



deviation from the true form of a circle. About twice 



as long as broad. 

 Emarginate (emarginare = to provide with a margin). 



AppHed to leaves depressed or notched instead of pointed 



at summit of the leaf. Vide and compare Bifid, which 



suggests a more sharply defined decision. 

 Entire (integer = whole). Vide Margin. 

 Erose (rodere = to gnaw). Margins of leaf irregularly 



toothed. Fiie Margin. 

 Exogenous (Gk. exo = outside, gen. root of word signifying to 



grow). Apphed to trees growing by successive additions 



to the outside. Opposed to Endogenous, which appHes to 



a plant that grows from within, by the additions to the 



centre of the stem, e.g. the Palm, Grasses, etc. 

 ExsERTED (exserere = to project). AppHed to the bracts 



protruding over the cone scales. 

 Facial LEA\rES. Vide Dorso-^-entral. 

 Falcate (faLx = a sickle). Curved like the blade of a reaper's 



sickle. 

 Fan -SHAPED. Vide Plicate. 

 Fascicle (fascis = a bundle). Proceeding from a common 



point like the leaves of a larch. 

 Fastigiate (fastigium, the projecting point or gable end of a 



building). Of close, erect growth, and branches pointing 



upwards like the Lombardy Poplar. 

 Fibro-vascular (libra = thread ; vasculum = seed vessel). 



Fibro-vascular bundles are the small shaded cells seen 



under magnifying glasses in the middle of a transverse 



section of a leaf. They consist of woody tissue, spiral, and 



