30 RARE AND INTRODUCED SPECIES [CH. 
Aira precox (sandy and hilly pastures). 
Poa distans (sandy wastes near the sea). 
P. compressa (dry, barren, waste ground). 
P. annua (cultivated and waste lands and fields). 
Agropyrum repens (fields and waste places). 
Hordeum murinum (waste places and road-sides). 
Holcus lanatus (meadow, pasture, and waste lands). 
H. mollis (same—rarer). 
Alopecurus agrestis (waste lands and roads in 8. of England). 
Lolium perenne (meadows, pastures and waste places). 
L. temulentum (fields and waste places, not common). 
Bromus sterilis (on way-sides, &c.). 
B. arvensis (cultivated and waste meadows and pastures). 
Poa rigida (dry, rocky places). 
It is also often useful to know whether a grass is rare 
or local, especially for the purpose we have in view, and I 
have therefore drawn up the following list of rare, local 
or introduced foreign grasses either not noticed at all, or 
only referred to incidentally in this work. 
In many cases these introduced foreign grasses have 
sprung up from seeds brought over in cargoes of hay, wool, 
and other products and packing materials, which in part 
accounts for their occurrence only near certain sea-ports, 
manufacturing towns and so forth. Such plants are 
frequently termed ballast plants. Foreign plants are 
also introduced in seed, as mixtures or impurities, and 
frequently escape from corn-fields &c. 
Leersia oryzoides (ditches of Hants., Sussex and Surrey). 
Panicum sanguinale (S. England). 
P. verticillatum (fields in 8. and E.). 
P. glaucum (rarely introduced). 
Hierochloe borealis (Thurso only). 
Phleum alpinum (Highlands only). 
