vit] FLORAL CHARACTERS 105 
(Catabrosa), and the presence of two, three, or more flowers in 
the considerably larger spikelets of all, easily distinguish them. 
The rare grasses Leersia, with two glumes and no pale, and 
Gastridium, with curiously bullate bases to the glumes, also come 
into this group with one-flowered spikelets, but their characters 
must be studied with the flora. The same remark applies to species 
of Panicum, Cynodon, Spartina and other aliens, occasionally 
met with. 
IJ. GRASSES WITH AT LEAST TWO FLOWERS—OF WHICH 
ONE MAY BE IMPERFECT—IN THE SPIKELET. 
A. Only one perfect flower, the other staminate 
only or altogether rudimentary. Inflorescence 
a loose or racemous panicle. 
In Hordeum sylvaticum the two lateral spikelets occasionally 
conform to this heading (see p. 100), and the same is said to be 
the case sometimes in Aira (see p. 104). The rudiments are 
extremely minute, however, and hardly suffice to justify the removal 
of these grasses to this group. 
In one or two species of Azra the panicle may be somewhat 
contracted and tuft-like. 
The very rare Hierochloe has one perfect flower, and two lower 
staminate ones in each spikelet. 
(a) A shade-grass found in woods. Awnless. One 
flower perfect, the other (upper) reduced to a 
small stalked knob. Inflorescence racemous. 
Melica uniflora, L. 
The much rarer JM. nutans has two perfect flowers and a similar 
rudiment (see note, p. 104). 
(b) Grasses of open situations, spikelets with awns. 
The reduced flower staminate. 
