64 THE CEREALS IN AMERICA 



in 1862 by Abraham Fultz, Mifflin county, Penn. ; Clawson, a 

 white-grained beardless variety, selected from Fultz in 1865 by 

 Garret Clawson ; Gold Coin, a white-grained beardless variety, 

 selected from Diehl Mediterranean, a hybrid with beards and red 

 grains, by Ira W. Green, Avon, N. Y. Probably most of the 

 varieties grown at the present time are the result of simple 

 selection more or less systematic. 



104. Varieties Through Crossing. — Probably the best known 

 variety in this country produced by simple crossing is Fulcaster, 

 \ red-grained, semihard, bearded variety produced in 1886 by 



S. M. Schindel, Hagerstown, Md., by 

 crossing Fultz and Lancaster. (103) 

 An example of continued crossing with 

 different varieties for several generations 

 is to be found in Early Genesee Giant, 

 a bearded, red-grained variety produced 

 by A. N. Jones, Newark, N. Y. Jones' 

 Winter Fife, Early Red Clawson and 

 many others have been produced in this 



Oiagram showing pedigree 

 of Early Genesee Giant. Way. 



(After Carieton.) In the Varieties just mentioned only 



varieties of the same subspecies have 

 been used in crossing. John Garton of England, William Far- 

 rar of New South Wales and W. Rimpau of Germany have 

 produced wheat hybrids by crossing two or more subspecies, as 

 common wheat, durum wheat and spelt. Where crosses cannot 

 be made directly between two subspecies, it may be accom- 

 plished indirectly by first producing a hybrid between one type 

 and an intermediate type. Speaking of plants in general, John 

 Garton says that every two species of plants have a go- 

 between, and given a thousand years he could cross any two 

 plants in the world. 



105. The Possibility of Cross-Fertilization. — Hackel states 

 that only about one-third the pollen of an anther is deposited on 



Genesee Gumt 



