326 THE CEREALS IN AMERICA 



both contributing to a higher per cent of malt extract. In 

 America, the six-rowed barley is grown chiefly, although not 

 exclusively, and is freely used in the production of malt. (445) 

 In a comparative test of two-rowed and six-rowed varieties at 

 the Central Experimental Farms of Canada, the former were 

 from five to tvvelve days later in maturing. At the five experi- 

 mental farms of the Dominion the average yield during several 

 years was about the same for both types. At the Central 

 Station at Ottawa, where the conditions correspond to those of 

 Ontario and Quebec, the six-rowed varieties yielded about one- 

 fifth more grain.^ Similar results have been obtained on the 

 Ontario Agricultural College Farm at Guelph.* While giving 

 fair returns, the Wisconsin Station found the two-rowed varie- 

 ties to have frail straw, and, therefore, to lodge badly .^ 



449. Winter and Spring Varieties. — The two-rowed barley is 

 a spring variety. The six-rowed is both fall and spring sown. 

 Fifty years ago barley was commonly fall sown in Missouri, 

 Kentucky and southern Ohio, but the practice of fall sowing 

 has largely disappeared and spring sowing, usually further 

 north, has taken its place. It is claimed, and it seems prob- 

 able, that in some instances winter strains were converted into 

 spring strains by spring sowing. Soule states that the 

 Tennessee Station has obtained as good results with fall sown 

 barley as Northern States usually obtain with spring sown. 

 Maryland Station obtamed a yield of forty-eight bushels with 

 winter barley and twenty-six bushels with spring barley.* Very 

 little barley, however, of any sort is raised in the Southern 

 States, and then chiefly for pasturage. 



450. Varieties. — There are three t}^pes of barley grown in 

 North America known to the trade as quite distinct : viz., Scotch, 



1 Can. Expt. Farms Bui, 21, p. 40. 



8 Ont. Agr. Col. and Expt. Farms Rpt. 1900. 



8 Wis. Rpt. 1903, p. 265. 



♦ Md. BuL 35, p. SQi. 



