SPRUCE URS. y 



ends of the shoots ; S| niches long, and 1| ijjich wide ] scales 

 wedge-shaped, rounded on the upper margin, quite entire, 

 nearly three-quarters of an inch wide, concave, loosely placed, 

 and smallest at both ends. 



A tall tree, resembling the Common Spruce, and in favour- 

 able situations growing 100 feet high, but diminishing in stature 

 and foliage according to situation, soil, and elevation, and, like 

 all other coniferous trees from Northern regions, subject to 

 great variation in appearance. 



It is found on the Altai mountains, and in Siberia, at eleva- 

 tions of from 4000 to 5000 feet. 



It is quite hardy. 



No. 6. Abies Orikntalis, Poiret, the Eastern Spruce. 

 Syn. Pinus Orientalis, Linnaus. 

 „ Picea Orientalis, Link. 



Leaves, solitary, very dense, partially four-sided, covering the 

 branches. on all sides, deep green on both sides, narrow, but not 

 sharp-pointed, half an inch long, and rather stout. Branches, 

 straight, slender, and with the leaves all one length along the 

 branchlets. Cones, pendulous when full grown, cylindrical, 

 tapering regularly from near the base to the point, which is 

 quite small, 2^ to 3 inches long, and three-quarters of an inch 

 broad at the widest part, which is towards the base ; scales, 

 rounded, thin, loosely imbricated, broad near the base, but with 

 the upper ones more wedge-shaped, somewhat pointed, nar- 

 rower, and slightly uneven on the margins. Bracteas, shorter 

 than the scales, and inclosed ; seeds very small, and nearly 

 black, with a short but rather broad wing. 



A lofty tree, with a straight stem, closely covered with rather 

 stiflF branches, growing 70 or 80 feet high, and 1| foot in 

 diameter, forming a conical-shaped head. Timber, excellent and 

 tough. 



A native of the coast of the Black Sea, on the loftiest moun- 

 tains of Imeretia, in Upper Mingrelia and the neighbourhood 

 of Teflis, forming whole forests between Guriel and the Adshar 

 mountains. 



It is quite hardy. 



