SPRUCE FIRS. 19 



three-quarters of an inch long, without any footstalks, and 

 pendulous at the ends of the shoots; scales, entire, kidney-shaped, 

 smooth, few in number, and very persistent ; seeds, very small, 

 light brown, and furnished with an ovate wing, half an inch 

 long. 



A handsome bushy round-headed tree, growing from 100 to 

 150 feet high, and from 4 to 6 feet in diameter, with a straight, 

 round stem, tapering upwards, with rather a thin and smoothish 

 bark. 



It is found in the Oregon and Northern California, where it 

 constitutes one half of the timber in the neighbourhood. 

 Timber, white, very soft, and yields but little turpentine. 



It is quite hardy, and very much resembles, in general 

 appearance, the Hemlock Spruce. 



No. 15. Abies Tstjga, Siehold, the Japan Hemlock Spruce. 

 Syn. Pinus Tsuga, Antoine. 

 „ „ Araragi, Siebold. 

 „ Tsuga Sieboldii, Carriere. 



Leaves, solitary, somewhat two-rowed, thickly set on the 

 branches, frequently alternate, lower ones reflected, and on 

 short round footstalks, slightly linear, tapering to an obtuse 

 (rarely acute) point, entire, smooth, and dark shining green 

 above, ribbed on the under part, and marked with two white 

 lines. Branches, numerous, irregularly spreading and drooping 

 at the ends -, branchlets, slender, recurved, and irregularly 

 furnished with buds. Cones, very small, solitary, terminal on 

 the ends of the branches, 1 inch long, and three quarters of an 

 inch broad, elliptic, blunt-pointed, and remaining on the tree 

 after the seeds have fallen out. Scales, permanent, imbricated, 

 20 or 30 in number, leathery, shut close, largest in the middle, 

 slender at the base, partially rounded or obtuse on the summit, 

 thin, and of a shining pale-brown colour ; bracteas, very short, 

 hardly longer than the footstalks of the scale, narrow, truncate, 

 and irregularly bifid. Seeds, very small, with a slender membra- 

 naceous small wing. 



A dwarf tree, growing from 20 to 30 feet high, with the 



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