THE JUNIPERS. 91 



Gen. JUNIPERUS. Linnaus. The Juniper. 



Floioers, dioecious, or male and female on different plants. 

 The males, axillary or terminal catkins ; the female ones, small 

 axillary bud-like bodies, bracteated at the base. 



Fruit, a globular kind of berry, composed of a fleshy or 

 fibrous juicy substance, covered with a glossy skin, more or less 

 furnished externally with minute scales, and sometimes angular 

 and naked at the apex. 



Seeds, from one to five, but mostly three, in each fruit, ob- 

 scurely three-cornered, and covered with a hard bony covering, 

 having gland-bearing pits towards the base. 



Leaves, simple, opposite or ternate, lanceolate or scale- 

 formed, and either in extended whorls, or closely imbricated in 

 four rows. 



Seed-leaves, in twos. 



Name, derived either from ' Juneprus,' a Celtic word, mean- 

 ing ' rough' or ' rude,' from the plants being stiff, or from 

 ' Juniores pariens,' from the young and old leaves and berries 

 being on the plant at the same time. 



All evergreen shrubs or small trees ; found in the temperate 

 and frigid regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, or America. 



Section 1. OXYCEDRUS, the true Junipers. 



Leaves, in whorls of three, spreading in the adult plants, 

 jointed at the base, and glandless on the back. 

 Fruit, globular and smooth. 



