1 58 PICEA ; OR 



posite in two rows. Cones, erect, solitary, four inch.es and a 

 half long, and three inches and a half broad, cylindrical, or 

 elongated, flat at the ends, deep purple, smooth on the surface, 

 and growing on the upper surface of the top branches. Scales, 

 deciduous, trapeziform, stiff", leathery, upper margin entire and 

 wedge-shaped at the base. Seeds, soft, angular, full of turpen- 

 tine, and ripe in October ; wing, long and ample. 



A noble tree, growing from 80 to 100 feet high, with flat? 

 horizontal branches, in regular, distant whorls, found abun- 

 dantly in Bootan, from 11,000 to 12,000 feet of elevation. 

 In Kamaoon it is found at from 7,500 to 9,000 feet of elevation, 

 where it clothes the sources of the ' Kosilla ' in a forest of un- 

 usual gloom and thickness. It also grows on the easternmost 

 range of the Himalayas, where it is called ' Kayha,' also on the 

 Choor and Kedarkanta Mountains, at elevations of from 8,500 

 to 12,000 feet, and on all other ranges of similar heights, where 

 the trunks attain a great girth and height, — some of the trees on 

 the Choor Mountains measuring twenty feet round at five feet 

 from the ground, and upwards of 150 feet high, with the stem 

 densely clothed with short, scrubby boughs, bearing little pro- 

 portion in length to the height of the tree, and generally ending 

 in a mass of flat, declining branches. 



The word Pindrow, its Indian name, refers to its very pecu- 

 liar mode of growth, being tall and cylindrical, or slightly 

 tapering, like the Lombardy Poplar. Mr. Winterbottom, while 

 travelling in India, observed the great preference given by 

 this species to northern and western aspects on the Cashmere 

 Mountains, where it is called the Black Pine, on account of its 

 dark foliage. This tree is quite hardy, but suffers from the late 

 spring frosts in England, and should be planted, when young, 

 in a northern aspect, or screened from the mid-day sun. 



Timber good, but soon warps and rots if exposed to rain 

 and sun. 



