92, THE CHINESE SUGAR CANE, 
able pipes. This receiver should hold sufficient to fill 
both clarifiers, as well as the evaporator and teach, al- 
though, except at the start, 1t is only required to supply 
the two defecators. 
THE TRAIN AT WORK. 
Suppose now that the juice tank is full, the movable 
wooden gutter is directed to each pan in succession, and 
fills them all nearly full of juice. The fire is lighted and 
the train is started; when the juice gets a little warm, a 
small portion of shell lime, or cream of lime, is added, 
according as the judgment of the sugar master may dic- 
tate, in order to neutralize the free acid present in the 
juice, and assist in coagulating the vegetable albumen, 
which has been expressed from the canes along with the 
juice, by the action of the mill. As the heat increases, 
this forms .a thick scum, which is taken off as fast as it 
rises, by a skimmer, while the froth is beaten down by a 
long wooden instrument, like a cavalry saber on a large 
scale, the handle being prolonged two or three feet. 
Ebullition soon commences all over the train, but, of 
course, most rapidly in those kettles nearest the furnace, 
and which are, besides, the smallest. As the juice re- 
duces in the teach, it is supplied by bailing from the 
evaporator into it, which in turn receives from the second 
clarifier, while the first is filled up from the defecator. 
This is the mode of starting the train, but owing to the 
kettles being all empty at the beginning, the juice has 
had no regular defecation, and in consequence, should the 
first strike not turn out well, little anxiety is felt by the 
planter. 
