CHAPTER IX. 
LEONARD WRAY, OF Lonpon, England. Letters Patent, 
No. 17,718, Dated June 30, 1857. Patented in Belgi- 
um, June 20, 1854. 
To all whom wt may concern: 
Be it known unto all men, that I, Leonard Wray, of 
the City of London, in the United Kingdom of Great 
Britain and Ireland, have discovered a new process or 
method of making crystallized sugar, syrup and molasses, 
from all the African and Chinese varieties of the “ Jm- 
phee” or ‘* Holcus saccharatus” of Linnzeus, often denom- 
inated “ Sugar millet,” “ Sorghum saccharatum,” “ Sorgho 
sucré,” ete.; which process is also applicable to the man- 
ufacture of the same products from the juice of the 
maize, broom corn, the sugar maple, etc. 
The process constituting my said imvention, may 
briefly thus be stated: I take the stalks of the said 
plants, and obtain the juice contained in them by any 
ordinary and well known method. ‘This raw saccharine 
juice I then treat with lime, or cream of lime, until it has 
lost all trace of acidity, and even becomes sufficiently 
alkaline to affect, in a slight degree, turmeric paper, or 
other equally sensitive test paper ; when I at onee remove 
the said juice into a suitable filtering or other apparatus 
for separating the feculencies or coagulated matters from 
the juice, so as to obtain a clear bright liquor or juice, 
without having subjected it to any heat whatever. This 
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